农户参与生态环境治理行为研究——以新疆昌吉市为例

STUDY ON FARMERS’ PARTICIPATION BEHAVIOR IN ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT GOVERNANCE——TAKE CHANGJI CITY IN XINJIANG AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  乡村生态环境治理  农户参与行为  农户参与意愿  扩展计划行为理论  结构方程模型

Key words:  rural eco-environmental governance  farmers' participation behavior  farmers' participation willingness  extended planned behavior theory  structural equation model

摘要:

目的 文章分析了新疆昌吉市农户参与生态环境治理行为及影响因素研究，以提高农户参与的积极性，推动实现乡村生态环境善治格局的形成。方法 基于新疆昌吉市微观调查数据，在扩展计划行为理论下，利用结构方程模型分析了心理认知因素对农户参与生态环境治理意愿与行为的影响，并揭示政策环境在农户参与意愿与参与行为关系中的调节效应。结果 （1）农户参与生态环境治理的现状总体呈现出“意强行弱”特征；（2）参与意识、效益感知对农户参与生态环境治理意愿的影响较大，知觉行为控制影响较小，主观规范影响不显著；（3）知觉行为控制、参与意愿对农户参与生态环境治理行为的影响较大，主观规范影响较小，效益感知和参与意识对农户参与行为不存在直接影响，即通过农户参与意愿对参与行为产生间接影响；（4）政策环境的正向调节效应存在，表明政策环境在农户参与意愿与参与行为之间的影响关系具有显著的强化作用。结论 要保护农户环境权利，要加强环保宣传教育，要树立榜样示范作用，要提供参与机会和拓宽参与渠道，要营造良好的政策环境。

Abstract:

This article analyzes the behavior and influencing factors of farmers' participation in ecological environment governance in Changji city, Xinjiang, in order to improve the enthusiasm of farmers' participation and promote the formation of good governance pattern of rural ecological environment. Based on the micro survey data of Changji city, Xinjiang and the extended planned behavior theory, this article used structural equation model to analyze the impact of psychological cognitive factors on farmers' participate willingness and behavior in ecological environment governance, and revealed the regulatory effect of policy environment in the relationship between farmers' willingness and participate behavior. The results were showed as follows. (1) The current situation of farmers' participation in eco-environmental governance generally showed the characteristics of “high willingness and low behavior”. (2) Participation consciousness and benefit perception had a greater impact on farmers' participation willingness in eco-environmental governance, perceived behavior control had less impact, and the impact of subjective norm was not significant.(3) Perceived behavior control and participation willingness had a greater impact on farmers' participation behavior in eco-environmental governance, subjective norms had less impact, and benefit perception and participation consciousness had no direct impact on farmers' participation behavior, but had an indirect impact on farmers' participation behavior through farmers' willingness.(4) The policy environment played a positive moderating effect, indicating that the policy environment had a significant strengthening effect on the relationship between farmers' participation willingness and participation behavior. Therefore, the implications and measures for policy are to protect farmers' environmental rights, strengthen environmental protection publicity and education, and set an example, then provide participation opportunities and broaden participation channels, in adition, to create a good policy environment.