山西省农业生态经济系统协调发展及障碍因子分析

ANALYSIS ON THE COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT AND OBSTACLE FACTORS OF AGRICULTURAL ECO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM IN SHANXI PROVINCE

关键词:  农业  资源利用  生态环境  经济增长  耦合协调模型  障碍因子  山西省

Key words:  agriculture  resource utilization  ecological environment  economic growth  coupling coordination model  obstacle factor  Shanxi province

摘要:

目的 以山西省为例，探究其农业生态经济系统协调发展水平、演变规律以及限制因素，对加快山西省农业全要素融合、促进农业高质量可持续发展具有重要意义。方法 文章综合运用熵值法、耦合协调发展模型和限制因子识别模型，从山西省市两级分别分析2010—2020年农业资源利用—生态环境—经济发展系统（REE系统）耦合协调度和障碍因子，探究其发展水平、演变规律以及限制因素。结果 （1）研究期间全省层面农业REE系统处于较低至中等水平，变化趋势是先降低后增加。其中农业经济发展有所提升，生态环境得到一定改善，但资源利用水平呈现下降趋势。耦合协调等级：2010—2012年轻度失调，2013—2016年进入濒临失调阶段，2017—2020年提升为勉强协调。（2）区域层面，以太原市发展水平最高，并向轻度协调发展过渡；阳泉市和运城市表现为最低水平；其他地区为较低水平。变化趋势以太原市、大同市增速稳定，忻州市、临汾市和吕梁市3市发展波动性较大。耦合协调等级：太原市、大同市、长治市3市为勉强协调型；晋城市、晋中市2市为濒临失调型；其他6市均为轻度失调型。（3）障碍因子识别包含13个主要指标。结论 山西省农业REE系统整体水平为较低到中等，耦合度高，耦合协调度相对低，协调等级逐年优化，表现为有序发展趋势。近年来山西省农业资源型经济转型取得一定进展，但资源对经济发展的支撑作用正在减弱，约束作用开始突显，尤其表现在产业结构、水资源、耕地资源、环境污染和治理等方面，区域尤以晋西南地区的吕梁市、临汾市和运城市为重，产业结构优化和资源环境改善等发展模式有待加强。

Abstract:

Taking Shanxi province as an example, this research explores the coordinated development level, evolution trends and limiting factors of its agricultural eco economic system, which is essential for the integration of total agricultural factors and promoting the high-quality sustainable agricultural development. This study comprehensively used entropy method, coupling and coordinated development model and restriction factor identification model to analyze the coupling and coordination degree, as well as obstacle factors of agricultural resource utilization-ecological environment-economic development system (REE system), and it also explored the development level, evolution trends, and limiting factors of Shanxi REE system from 2010 to 2020, both at provincial and city level. The results were listed as follows. (1) During the study period, the REE system at the provincial level was basically at a low to medium level, and revealed a decreasing trend at first and then increased. The agricultural economic development and the ecological environment had been improved, but the level of resource utilization decreased. The coupling coordination level from 2010 to 2012 was slightly discoordinated, and then entered the stage of near-disorder from 2013 to 2016, while increased to barely coordination from 2017 to 2020. (2) At the city level, Taiyuan had the highest development level, which was transitioning to a mild coordinated development. The lowest development was found in Yangquan and Yuncheng, other cities were at a relatively lower level. The changing trend of development level in Taiyuan and Datong was stable, while relatively fluctuate in Xinzhou, Linfen and Luliang. The coupling coordination level of Taiyuan, Datong, and Changzhi were barely coordinated, and Jincheng and Jinzhong were near-discorded. The other six cities were slightly disorganized. (3) 13 indicators were identified as the major obstacle factors. In summary, the overall level of the REE system in Shanxi province is low to medium, the coupling degree is high, while the coupling coordination degree is relatively low. The coordination level is increasing year by year, showing an orderly development trend. In recent years, Shanxi province has made progress in resource-based economy transformation, but the supporting role of resources on economic development is weakening. The restrictiveness from the aspects of industrial structure, water resources, cultivated land resources, environmental pollution and governance become prominent. Especially in Lvliang, Linfen and Yuncheng, which are in the southwestern part of Shanxi province, their industrial structure and resource environment need to be optimized.