广西县域乡村人居环境质量评价及时空分异特征

QUALITY EVALUATION OF RURAL HUMAN SETTLEMENTS AND ITS SPATIO-TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AT COUNTY LEVEL IN GUANGXI PROVINCE

关键词:  乡村人居环境  质量评价  时空分异  改进熵权法  广西

Key words:  rural human settlements  quality evaluation  spatiotemporal distribution  improving entropy method  Guangxi

摘要:

目的 基于乡村人居环境五大子系统评价乡村人居环境质量并解析其时空演变分异特征，以制定有效提升广西乡村人居环境质量的对策与建议。方法 文章构建乡村人居环境质量评价指标体系，综合运用改进熵权法、ArcGIS空间分析方法对广西乡村人居环境质量进行测度，探究其时空分异特征。结果 （1）2006—2020年广西乡村人居环境质量整体提升显著，空间上呈现由“散点状”向“东北高西南低”的演变发展特征；但在东西方向，呈现出由东、西部水平相当，到西部高于东部，再到东部逐渐又高于西部的交替演变发展特征；而在南北方向，呈现出由“南高北低”向“北高南低”的演变发展特征。（2）广西乡村人居环境自然系统质量整体稳定发展，空间上呈现出“东北部、西部高，东南部低”的演变发展特征；人类系统质量整体提升明显，呈现由“南高北低”向“散点状”的演变发展特征；社会系统质量整体提升显著，空间上呈现出“西部降低，东部提高，东、西部差距不断扩大的演变发展特征；居住系统质量整体提升巨大，空间上呈现由“散点状”向“相对均衡”的演变发展特征；支撑系统质量整体提升较大，呈现“相对均衡”向“散点状”的演变发展特征。结论 乡村人居环境质量演变发展的时空差异特征明显，应实施差异化、针对性的乡村人居环境质量提升措施，以有效促进乡村高质量发展。

Abstract:

Based on the five subsystems of rural human settlements, this paper evaluates the quality of rural human settlements and analyzes its spatiotemporal distribution characteristics，so as to draw up measures and suggestions to effectively improve the quality of rural human settlements environment in Guangxi. In this paper, an index system of evaluating rural human settlements quality was constructed, and the improved entropy weight method and ArcGIS spatial analysis method were comprehensively used to measure the quality of rural human settlement environment in Guangxi, and its spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics were explored. The results were showed as follows. (1) From 2006 to 2020, the overall quality of the rural human settlements in Guangxi improved significantly, and the spatial evolution and development characteristics from "scattered" to "high in the northeast and low in the southwest"; However, in the east-west direction, it showed the characteristics of alternating evolution and development from the east and west being equal, to the west being higher than the east, and then to the east gradually higher than the west. In the north-south direction, it showed from "high in the south and low in the north" to "high in the north and low in the south". (2) From 2006 to 2020, the overall quality of the natural system of rural human settlement environment in Guangxi developed steadily, and showing the spatial evolution characteristics of "high in the northeast and west, low in the southeast". The overall quality of human systems improved significantly, and showing the spatial evolution characteristics of "high in the south and low in the north" to "scattered". The overall quality of the social system improved dramatically, and showing the spatial evolution characteristics of "decreasing in the west, increasing in the east, and widening the gap between the east and the west". The overall quality of the living system had been greatly improved, and showing the spatial evolution characteristics of "scattered" to "relatively balanced". The overall quality of the support system had been improved higher, and showing the spatial evolution characteristics of "relatively balanced" to "scattered". In summary, the evolution and development of rural human settlement environment quality are obvious, and differentiated and targeted measures to improve the quality of rural human settlement environment should be implemented to effectively promote the high-quality development of rural areas.