政府规制对养殖户畜禽废弃物资源化处理的影响分析——基于多维认知的中介效应模型

ANALYSIS ON THE IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT REGULATION ON THE RECYCLING OF LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY WASTE BY FARMERS——MEDIATING EFFECT MODEL BASED ON MULTIDIMENSIONAL COGNITION

关键词:  畜禽废弃物  资源化处理  政府规制  倾向得分匹配

Key words:  livestock and poultry waste  resource treatment  government regulation  Propensity Score Matching

摘要:

目的 畜禽废弃物污染问题是实现我国畜禽养殖业可持续和绿色发展的突出障碍，引导养殖户参与畜禽废弃物资源化利用，对解决畜禽废弃物污染问题和推动产业绿色发展具有重要意义。方法 文章基于政府行为外部性视角，通过构建“反事实推断”倾向得分匹配，探究政府规制对养殖户畜禽废弃物资源化处理意愿和行为的影响，进一步依据社会认知理论，从多维度养殖户认知特征角度，运用Ologit模型分析其内在机理。结果 （1）性别、家庭年收入、养殖户收入占比、养殖数量、畜禽类型对养殖户感知的政府规制程度具有显著影响；（2）政府规制对养殖户畜禽废弃物资源化处理意愿和沼气发酵行为存在显著正向影响；（3）政府规制能够分别通过提升养殖户的处理方法认知和防治法规认知，进而提高其资源化处理意愿和沼气发酵行为选择概率。结论 为解决我国畜禽废弃物污染问题、实现畜禽废弃物资源化利用，应准确识别政府在引导或规范养殖户畜禽废弃物资源化利用方面的关键途径，计划实施更为有效的规制措施，注重养殖户对畜禽废弃物资源化处理的行为意愿和实际采纳，力求从少数养殖户的被动参与，转变为更多养殖户的主动响应。

Abstract:

Livestock and poultry waste pollution is a prominent obstacle to the sustainable and green development of livestock and poultry industry in China. Guiding farmers to participate in the resource utilization of livestock and poultry waste is of great significance to solve the pollution problem of livestock and poultry waste and promote the green development of the industry. From the perspective of the externalities of government behavior, this paper built "a fact inference" Propensity Score Matching to explore the influence of governmental regulation on the intention and behavior of livestock and poultry waste resource treatment. Then, based on the social cognition theory, it used the Ologit model to analyze its internal mechanism from the perspective of multidimensional cognitive characteristics of farmers. The results showed that gender, family annual income, the proportion of farmers' income, breeding quantity, livestock and poultry type had significant effects on farmers' perceived degree of government regulation. Government regulation had a significant positive effect on farmers' willingness to recycle livestock and poultry waste and biogas fermentation behavior，and government regulation could enhance farmers' awareness of treatment methods and prevention and control laws, respectively, and then improve their willingness to recycle resources and the selection probability of biogas fermentation behavior. Therefore, in order to solve the pollution problem of livestock and poultry waste and realize the resource utilization of livestock and poultry waste, we should accurately identify the key ways of the government in guiding or regulating the resource utilization of livestock and poultry waste, plan to implement more effective regulation measures, and attention should be paid to the behavioral willingness and practical adoption of livestock and poultry waste recycling treatment, then strive to change from passive participation of a few farmers to active response of more farmers.