农户借贷对粮食生产技术效率的影响研究——基于2012—2018年3省3 255份农户面板数据

STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF CREDIT BEHAVIOR OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS ON GRAIN PRODUCTION TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY——BASED ON THE PANEL DATA OF 3 255 FARMERS IN THE THREE PROVINCES FROM 2012 TO 2018

关键词:  农户借贷  粮食生产技术效率  生产要素配置  作用路径

Key words:  credit behavior of rural households  grain production technical efficiency  allocation of production factors  pathways

摘要:

目的 基于生产要素配置视角，研究农户借贷对粮食生产技术效率的作用路径，并进行理论分析。方法 文章利用2012—2018年中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所全国固定观察点的3 255份农户面板数据，首先采用随机前沿模型测算农户粮食生产技术效率；其次构建固定效应模型，实证分析农户借贷对粮食生产技术效率的影响方向及作用强度，并利用IV-2SLS方法处理农户借贷对粮食生产技术效率影响的内生性问题，并进行稳定性检验和异质性分析。结果 农户借贷对粮食生产技术效率有显著促进作用，存在借贷行为的农户粮食生产技术效率比未存在借贷行为的农户高0.017。除此之外，农户党员身份、农业技术培训、家庭非农劳动力人数以及加入合作社对粮食生产技术效率都存在明显的促进作用；而家庭劳动力人数对粮食生产技术效率有显著抑制作用。结论 农户利用借贷资金改善生产要素配置从而提高粮食生产技术效率。

Abstract:

Based on the perspective of allocation of production factors, this paper theoretically analyzed the pathways of credit behavior of rural households on grain production technical efficiency with the panel data of 3 255 rural households from fixed observation points of Agriculture Economics Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2012 to 2018. Firstly, we used the stochastic frontier model to measure rural households ' grain production technical efficiency. Secondly, we constructed a fixed effect model to empirically analyze the direction and intensity of the impact of credit behavior of rural households on grain production technical efficiency, then we adopted the Iv-2sls method to deal with the endogeneity of the impact of credit behavior of rural households on grain production technical efficiency, and conducted a series of stability tests. The results showed that the technical efficiency of grain production was significantly promoted by credit behavior of rural households, and the technical efficiency of grain production was 0.017 higher for rural households with credit behavior than that of rural households without credit behavior. In addition, rural households' party membership, agricultural technical training, the number of family non-agricultural labor force and participation in cooperatives had significant promoting effects on grain production technical efficiency. However, the number of household labor force had a significant inhibitory effect on grain production technical efficiency. It concludes that rural households use loan funding to optimize the allocation of production factors, and thereby enhance grain production technical efficiency.