乡村振兴背景下宅基地多功能权衡与协同研究——以德清县为例

RESEARCH ON TRADE-OFF AND SYNERGY OF RURAL HOMESTEAD MULTI-FUNCTIONS UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF RURAL VITALIZATION——A CASE STUDY OF DEQING COUNTY

关键词:  土地管理  乡村振兴  宅基地多功能  权衡与协同  德清县

Key words:  land management  rural vitalization  homestead multi-function  trade-off and synergy  Deqing county

摘要:

目的 识别与量化宅基地多功能，分析宅基地功能间权衡与协同关系，为乡村振兴背景下宅基地功能优化提供科学依据。方法 文章基于要素和结构识别宅基地多功能，构建评价指标体系测算宅基地功能值，综合运用Spearman相关性分析和生产可能性边界度量和分析宅基地功能间权衡与协同关系。结果 （1）德清县的宅基地以社会、生态功能为主，经济、文化功能为辅，不同类型村庄的宅基地多功能表现有差异：相较于集聚提升类、城郊融合类和搬迁撤并类村庄，特色保护类村庄的各项功能具有明显优势。（2）德清县的宅基地生态、社会功能间呈中度协同关系，经济、社会功能间呈中度权衡关系，经济、生态功能间呈弱权衡关系，宅基地功能权衡强度在不同类型村庄显现差异：搬迁撤并类的经济、社会功能间权衡强度最大，特色保护类的经济、生态功能间权衡强度最小。结论 宅基地功能间存在显著的权衡与协同关系，未来应结合不同类型村庄的发展目标制定差异化的功能优化策略。

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to identify and quantify rural homestead multi-functions, and analyze trade-off and synergy among rural homestead functions, in order to provide a scientific basis for optimizing rural homestead functions under the background of rural vitalization. This research recognized the functions of rural homestead with respect of elements and structures, accordingly developed an index system to evaluate each function of rural homestead, and used the Spearman correlation analysis and the Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) to reveal and analyze the trade-off and synergy among rural homestead functions. The results were indicated as follows. (1) The rural homestead in Deqing county were dominated by social and ecological functions and supplemented by economic and cultural functions. Rural homestead functions varied among different village types with advantages of rural homestead multifunction of the characteristic protection villages contrasting with the other three types, including agglomeration and upgrading villages, suburban integration villages, relocation and evacuation villages. (2) There was a middle synergistic relationship between ecological and social function, a middle trade-off relationship between economic and social function, and a weak trade-off relationship between economic and ecological function of rural homesteads in Deqing County. Trade-off intensity of rural homestead functions varied among different village types with the highest index between economic and social functions in relocation and evacuation villages, and the lowest index between economic and ecological functions in characteristic protection villages. In conclusion, there are significant trade-offs and synergies among rural homestead functions. Optimization strategies of rural homestead functions should be differentiated by concerning development goals of different village types in the future.