新发展阶段县域城乡融合发展关键特征和评价指标——基于全国5个样本县的数据

KEY CHARACTERISTICS AND EVALUATION INDEX OF COUNTY URBAN-RURAL INTEGRATION IN THE NEW STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT——BASED ON DATA FROM 5 SAMPLE COUNTIES

关键词:  新发展阶段  县域  城乡融合  关键特征  评价指标

Key words:  the new stage of development  county territory  urban-rural integration  key characteristics  evaluation index

摘要:

目的 县域作为城乡融合发展的典型场域，需要从理论上到实践上开展前瞻性研究，从而更加科学地评价先进典型、发现突出问题，进而提炼形成一批可复制、可推广的典型模式。方法 文章从新发展阶段的时代要求出发，从经济、政治、文化、社会、生态、空间六个方面探索县域城乡融合发展的关键特征，在此基础上通过层次分析法遴选构建县域城乡融合发展水平评价指标体系，共6类16个关键指标。通过熵权法，对各指标权重进行了计算和排序，对5个样本县进行了试评价。结果 （1）从时间维度看，县域城乡融合发展水平整体处于上升水平；（2）从空间维度看，不同区域城乡融合发展水平和发展模式存在明显差异；（3）从现实基础看，县域发展环境是县域城乡融合发展的基础；（4）从影响因素看，县域治理水平和治理能力是县域城乡融合发展的关键保障；（5）从实现路径看，县域城乡融合要实现“五位一体”和空间上的全面融合。结论 县域城乡融合发展既要坚持规划先行，更需加强规划实施管理；既要开放要素市场，更需发挥地方政府作用；既要整体塑形，更需注重强化文化认同；既要保护生态，更需激发绿色发展活力。县域城乡融合发展评价是一项系统工程，建议统筹实施县域城乡融合发展评价工作，更科学合理地通过调度各地城乡融合发展情况，推动城乡全面融合发展。

Abstract:

As a typical area of urban and rural integrated development, the county needs to carry out more prospective studies from theoretical and practical, so as to evaluate advanced models, find out outstanding problems, and then refine and form a batch of replicable and promotable achievements. This research started from the requirements of the new stage of development, explored the key characteristics of county-level urban-rural integration from six aspects, economy, politics, culture, society, ecology, and space. Based on this, it used the Analytic Hierarchy Process to select and construct an evaluation index system for county-level urban-rural integration development, consisting of 6 factors and 16 key indicators, then it adopted the entropy weight method to calculate and rank the weights of each indicator, and conducted a trial evaluation on 5 sample counties. The results were showed as follows.(1) From the time perspective, the overall level of urban-rural integration development in the county was on the rise; (2) From the spatial perspective, there were significant differences in the level and mode of urban-rural integration development among different regions; (3) From the practical perspective, the development environment of a county was one of the foundation for the integrated development of urban and rural areas in the county; (4) From the perspective of influencing factors, the level and capacity of county governance were key guarantees for the integrated development of urban and rural areas in the county; (5) From the perspective of implementation path, the integration of urban and rural areas in the county should achieve a " Five-sphere " and comprehensive spatial integration. The evaluation of county-level urban-rural integration development is a systematic project. Therefore, the integrated development of urban and rural areas in counties should adhere to the principle of planning first, and strengthen the management of planning implementation; open the factor market, and leverage the role of local governments; shape the overall hardware facilities, and focus on strengthening cultural identity; protect the ecology, and stimulate the vitality of green development. It is recommended to coordinate the implementation of county-level urban-rural integration development evaluation work, and promote comprehensive urban-rural integration development by scheduling the urban-rural integration development situation in various regions more scientifically and reasonably.