加入合作社对农户绿色生产技术采纳的带动效应——基于福建柚农的调查数据

THE DRIVING EFFECT OF JOINTING FARMER COOPERATIVES ON FARMERS' ADOPTION OF GREEN PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY——BASED ON THE SURVEY DATA OF POMELO FARMERS IN FUJIAN

关键词:  合作社  绿色生产技术采纳  绿色生产认知  中介效应  内生转换模型

Key words:  farmer cooperatives  green production technology  green production cognition  mediation effect  the endogenous switching regression model

摘要:

目的 在农业生产资源趋紧和环境承载压力的双重考验下，合作社能否以及如何带动农户采纳绿色生产技术成为亟待回答的重大现实问题。方法 文章基于福建省501户柚农的调查数据，以施用有机肥、生物农药和测土配方施肥3种绿色生产技术采纳为例，运用内生转换模型分析加入合作社对农户绿色生产技术采纳的影响及其作用机理。结果 （1）加入合作社能促进农户采用绿色生产技术，在反事实假设条件下，加入合作社农户若未加入时，其绿色生产技术采纳积极性和采纳强度会降低，未加入合作社农户若加入时，其绿色生产技术采纳积极性和采用强度会提高，用工具变量法进行稳健性检验后，结论仍然成立。（2）加入合作社促进农户采纳绿色生产技术主要通过提升农户绿色生产认知这条路径实现，其中介效应占比为20.7%。（3）加入合作社对农户绿色生产技术采纳的影响存在群组间差异，加入合作社对规模较小农户、参与完全横向合作模式农户的带动效果更显著，合作社产前的统一农资和规定农药化肥清单、产中管理的生产检查和田间技术指导、产后的统一包装和销售等管理和服务，以及合作社分红，对农户绿色生产技术采纳的带动效果更显著。结论 要大力支持合作社发展，鼓励农户加入合作社，并提高农户的绿色生产认知以及合作社服务质量与绿色生产水平，带动小农户实现绿色生产转型。

Abstract:

Under the double pressure of the shortage of agricultural production resources and environment constraints, whether and how farmer cooperatives can promote farmers to adopt green production technology has become a major realistic problem. Based on the survey data of 501 pomelo farmers in Fujian, this paper took the adoption of three green production technologies as the examples, and used the endogenous switching regression model to analyze the influence of joining cooperatives on farmers' adoption of green production technology and its mechanism. The results were listed as follows. (1) Joining cooperatives can promote farmers to adopt green technology, under the counterfactual hypothesis, if farmers who joined cooperatives had not joined, the green production technology adoption enthusiasm and adopting strength would reduce, if farmers who didn't join cooperatives, the green production technology adoption enthusiasm and adopting strength would increase. The results were still valid after robustness test by instrumental variable method. (2) Joining cooperatives promoted farmers' adoption of green production technology mainly through enhancing farmers' awareness of green production, and the mediation effect accounted for 20.7%. (3) There were differences between groups in the impact of joining cooperatives on the green technology adoption, small farmers, completely horizontal cooperation model farmers promoting effect was more prominent. These services had a more significant promoting effect on the adoption of green production technology by farmers: the unified agricultural materials and stipulated pesticide and fertilizer list before production, production inspection and field technical guidance during production management, unified packaging and sales after production, as well as dividends of cooperatives. Therefore, it is necessary to strongly support the development of cooperatives, encourage farmers to join cooperatives, and improve farmers' awareness of green production, improve the quality of cooperatives' services and the level of green production, and promote small farmers to achieve green production transformation.