政府管制、生态认知与农户有机肥施用行为——基于黄河流域中上游的微观农户数据调查

GOVERNMENT REGULATION, ECOLOGICAL COGNITION AND FARMERS' ORGANIC FERTILIZER APPLICATION*——A SURVEY OF MICRO HOUSEHOLD DATA IN THE MIDDLE AND UPPER REACHES OF THE YELLOW RIVER BASIN

关键词:  政府管制  生态认知  技术推广  化学化肥  有机肥施用行为

Key words:  government regulation  ecological cognition  technology promotion  chemical fertilizer  organic fertilizer application behavior

摘要:

目的 推进农业有机肥施用代替部分化学化肥，对于减少农业污染，实现黄河流域生态高质量发展具有重要意义。方法 文章基于黄河流域中上游地区1 490户农户微观数据，构建有调节的中介效应模型，探究了以技术推广强度为调节变量，生态认知为中介变量，政府管制对农户有机肥施用行为的影响。结果 （1）政府管制对农户有机肥施用行为影响正向显著；（2）生态认知在政府管制对农户有机肥施用行为中发挥了部分中介作用；（3）技术推广强度在生态认知影响农户有机肥施用行为的过程中存在负向调节作用。结论 （1）政府管制应当继续加强，监管机制与管制措施要恰当完善；（2）继续加强提高农户生态保护意识，不断提升农户对生态污染造成的不良后果的认知水平；（3）多角度、多方位、多层次的优化技术推广方式，有针对性的调整技术推广强度。

Abstract:

It is essential to promote the application of organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers in agriculture to reduce agricultural pollution and achieve high-quality ecological development in the Yellow River Basin. Based on micro-data of 1 490 farm households in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin, and with technology diffusion intensity as the moderating variable and ecological cognition as the mediating variable, this paper constructed a moderated mediating effects model to explore the effect of government regulation on farm households' organic fertilizer application behavior. The results were showed as follows. (1) Government regulation positively and significantly affected farmers' organic fertilizer application behavior; (2) Ecological cognition partially mediated in government control of farmers' organic fertilizer application behavior; (3) Technology promotion intensity negatively moderated ecological cognition, affecting farmers' organic fertilizer application behavior. In summary, based on the above results, this research put forward the following suggestions. (1) Government regulation should continue to be strengthened, and the regulatory mechanism and control measures should be improved appropriately; (2) It should continue to strengthen farmers' awareness of environmental protection and continuously improve farmers' cognition levels on the adverse consequences caused by ecological pollution; (3) It also should optimize the technology promotion methods from multiple perspectives, dimensions, and levels; and adjust the intensity of technology promotion in a targeted manner.