黄河流域粮食主产区耕地利用生态效率时空差异与空间收敛——来自60个地级市的经验证据

THE SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DIFFERENCES AND SPATIAL CONVERGENCE OF ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY IN CULTIVATED LAND UTILIZATION IN THE MAIN GRAIN-PRODUCING AREAS OF THE YELLOW RIVER BASIN——EVIDENCE FROM 60 PREFECTURE-LEVEL CITIES

关键词:  耕地利用  生态效率  气候生产潜力  Dagum基尼系数  空间收敛

Key words:  cultivated land utilization  ecological efficiency  climate production potential  Dagum gini coefficient  spatial convergence

摘要:

目的 黄河流域粮食主产区承担着粮食和生态双重安全任务，探究其耕地利用生态效率时空演变特征和空间收敛规律，对于推进黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展具有现实意义。方法 文章采用气候生产潜力、EBM-GML模型、非参数估计和空间收敛模型等方法，构建耕地利用生态效率测度指标体系，测度分析其时空演变、区域差异及空间收敛规律。结果 研究期黄河流域粮食主产区耕地利用生态效率呈现如下特征。（1）从整体上看，在时间上呈现下降趋势，在空间上呈现低水平集聚态势；（2）从区域差异看，各区域基尼系数变化呈现不同特征。四川、内蒙古、河南、山东分别呈现“波浪”、倒“V”“折线”、字母“M”型；（3）从空间收敛规律看，整体和分区域都表现出显著的σ收敛和绝对β收敛特征，区域内的σ收敛趋势表现出明显正向空间依赖性，而绝对β收敛趋势则表现出明显负向空间依赖性。结论 黄河流域粮食主产区可通过推进农用资源的高效利用、缩小区域发展的效率差异以及把握空间分布的收敛趋势，实现粮食生产和生态保护协调发展。

Abstract:

The main grain-producing areas of the Yellow River Basin undertake the dual task of food and ecological security, and exploring the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and spatial convergence laws of cultivated land utilization ecological efficiency, which is of practical significance for promoting ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. The climate production potential, EBM-GML model, nonparametric estimation and spatial convergence model were used to construct an index system for measuring the cultivated land utilization ecological efficiency, and the temporal and spatial evolution, regional differences and spatial convergence laws were measured and analyzed. The cultivated land utilization ecological efficiency in the main grain-producing areas of the Yellow River Basin during the study period showed the following characteristics. (1) On the whole, it showed a downward trend in time and a low-level agglomeration trend in space; (2) From the perspective of regional differences, the changes of Gini coefficients in various regions showed different characteristics. And Sichuan, Inner Mongolia, Henan and Shandong respectively showed "waves", inverted "V", "broken lines", and letter "M" shapes; (3) From the perspective of spatial convergence law, the whole and subregions showed significant sigma convergence and absolute β convergence characteristics, and the sigma convergence trend in the region showed obvious positive spatial dependence, while the absolute β convergence trend showed obvious negative spatial dependence. In summary, the main grain-producing areas in the Yellow River Basin can achieve coordinated development of grain production and ecological protection by promoting the efficient use of agricultural resources, narrowing the efficiency difference of regional development, and grasping the convergence trend of spatial distribution.