| 摘要: |
| 目的 通过总结景观异质性的相关文献，明确现阶段景观异质性研究中生物多样性对农田生产力影响的趋势和方向，为后续研究与相关政策制定提供理论支持和参考依据。方法 文章对国内外不同景观异质性下对生物多样性和农田生产力的影响情况进行分析，梳理生物多样性对农田生产力的影响方式，了解影响农田景观异质性大小的因素和原理，系统总结了三者之间存在的级联关系，提出了农田可持续发展的实践建议。结果 （1）景观空间异质性对生物多样性—农田生产力关系具有显著的积极影响，但存在一定的阈值，超过该值则会产生负面影响；（2）在空间异质性视角下，农田中生物多样性与生产力之间存在广泛的正相关关系，农田面积作为一项操作简便且影响较大的农田景观指标，具有巨大的潜力；（3）景观的时间异质性和功能异质性与农田生物多样性—生产力关系同样具有积极的协同作用，在未来的研究中应当占有一席之地。结论 从景观异质性的视角出发，农田生物多样性对生产力有着广泛的积极影响，同时存在一个阈值使得二者关系达到最大值，通过采取保护小斑块农田等方法实现生态和生产的“双赢”，实现高质量的农业可持续健康发展。 |
| 关键词: 土地生态 生物多样性与生产力 空间异质性 农田 综述 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20240510 |
| 分类号:X176 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目“城市生态系统服务交付的实现机制、影响因素及优化提升：以北京及周边地区为例”（42371279）；国家重点研发计划项目“土壤综合观测与智能服务平台研发与应用”（2018YFE0107000） |
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| RESEARCH PROGRESS AND IMPLICATIONS OF THE EFFECTS OF BIODIVERSITY ON FARMLAND PRODUCTIVITY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY |
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Gao Hong1, Wu Zihao2, Feng Zhe1,3, Yang Yang4, Zhao Rui5, Wu Kening1,6
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1.School of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences, Beijing100083,China;2.School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China;3.Technology Innovation Center of Land Engineering, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China;4.Zhejiang Wanwei Spatial Information Technology Limited Company, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China;5.China State Farms Economic Development Center, Beijing 100122, China;6.Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China
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| Abstract: |
| By summarizing the literature related to landscape heterogeneity, this research aims to clarify the trend and direction of the impact of biodiversity on farmland productivity in the current research on landscape heterogeneity, so as to provide theoretical support and references for the follow-up research and related policy formulation. The effects of different landscape heterogeneity on biodiversity and farmland productivity in the domestic and overseas were analyzed, the ways of biodiversity affecting farmland productivity were sorted out, and the factors and principles affecting the heterogeneity of farmland landscape were understood, then the cascading relationship among the above three was systematically summarized, finally some practical suggestions for the sustainable development of farmland were proposed. The results were listed as follows. (1) The spatial heterogeneity of landscape had a significant positive effect on the relationship between biodiversity and farmland productivity. However, there was a certain threshold of this positive relationship, beyond which there would be negative effects; (2) From the perspective of spatial heterogeneity, there was a wide positive correlation between biodiversity and productivity in farmland. Among them, farmland area, as a simple and influential farmland landscape index, had great potential; (3) The temporal and functional heterogeneity of landscape also had positive synergies with the relationship between farmland biodiversity-productivity, which could play an important role in future research. Therefore, from the perspective of landscape heterogeneity, farmland biodiversity has a wide range of positive effects on productivity, and there is a threshold that makes the relationship between the two reach its maximum value. By adopting methods such as protecting small patches of farmland, a "win-win" situation for ecology and production can be achieved, and high-quality sustainable and healthy agricultural development can be achieved. |
| Key words: land ecology biodiversity and productivity spatial heterogeneity farmland review |
