基要性变革中数字金融促进农业农村现代化研究

RESEARCH ON DIGITAL INCLUSIVE FINANCE PROMOTING AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL MODERNIZATION INFUNDAMENTAL TRANSFORMATION

关键词:  中国式现代化  数字普惠金融  农业农村  基要性变革  数字鸿沟  乡村振兴

Key words:  Chinese-style modernization  digital inclusive finance  agriculture and rural areas  fundamental transformation  digital gap  rural revitalization

摘要:

目的 探究具有“低门槛”和“时空穿透力”的数字金融是否可以克服传统金融服务的“痛点”与“堵点”，对农村“基要性变革”提供重要支持，助力农业农村现代化。方法 文章运用“农业国工业化理论”和“改造传统农业理论”对数字金融与农业农村现代化关系进行理论阐释及机理分析；构建农业农村现代化综合指标体系并运用熵值法对其进行测度；运用固定效应模型及中介效应模型进行了实证检验。结果 （1）总体来看，数字普惠金融促进了农业农村现代化，“普惠”属性中的覆盖广度具有显著促进效应，但农村数字信息技术运用不充分阻碍了信息技术属性作用的发挥。（2）作用的基本机制在于普惠金融降低了“金融排斥”，为创新创业提供了资金支持，从而促进了农业农村现代化。（3）过程中存在着异质性，对东部和经济发展水平较高的地区作用效果更强，支付和信贷业务的作用相对于其他业务效果更明显。结论 应加强农村金融基础设施建设，通过提升农民“数字素养”、培养“双创”积极性等促进农业农村现代化快速发展。

Abstract:

Digital finance with low threshold and time and space penetration can overcome the pain points and bottlenecks of traditional financial services, provide important support for fundamental changes in rural areas, and assist in agricultural and rural modernization. This process was theoretically explained and analyzed by using the industrialization theory of agricultural countries and the theory of transforming traditional agriculture. Based on this, an empirical test was conducted to construct an indicator system for agricultural and rural modernization. Furthermore, the empirical tests were conducted by using fixed effects models and intermediary effects models. The research found that, digital inclusive finance contributed to the modernization of agricultural and rural areas as a whole, with coverage in the “all-inclusive” attribute having a significant promotional effect. However, the insufficient application of rural digital information technology hindered the exertion of the attribute of information technology. The basic mechanism for its functioning was that inclusive finance reduced financial exclusion and provided financial support for innovation and entrepreneurship, thereby promoting agricultural and rural modernization. That was, entrepreneurship and innovation built a bridge for digital inclusive finance to promote agricultural and rural modernization, playing a mediating role. Of course, there was heterogeneity in this process, which had a stronger effect on the east and regions with higher economic development levels. The effect of payment and credit business was more obvious compared to other businesses. Therefore, we should strengthen the construction of rural financial infrastructure and promote the rapid development of agricultural and rural modernization by improving farmers' "digital literacy" and cultivating their enthusiasm for "entrepreneurship and innovation".