黄河流域城市扩张时空特征与区域差异——基于资源型城市与非资源型城市的对比

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS AND REGIONAL DIFFERENCES OF URBAN EXPANSION IN THE YELLOW RIVER BASIN——BASED ON COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RESOURCE-BASED AND NON-RESOURCE-BASED CITIES

关键词:  城市扩张  城市实体地域  资源型城市  黄河流域  区域差异

Key words:  urban expansion  urban physical area  resource-based cities  the Yellow River Basin  regional differences

摘要:

目的 文章对比分析1995—2018年黄河流域资源型城市与非资源型城市空间扩张的速率、模式和质量差异，为黄河流域国土空间可持续利用提供参考。方法 用城市实体地域度量城市空间，综合运用城市扩张强度指数、景观扩张指数、城市用地与人口密度协同发展系数、对比分析等方法。结果 （1）资源型城市面积增速远低于非资源型城市，1995—2018年资源型城市面积累计增加320.76%；非资源型城市面积累计增长418.62%。（2）资源型城市与非资源型城市用地扩张主导模式分别为填充式和边缘式；与非资源型城市相比，资源型城市蔓延式发展更为明显。（3）两类城市人地关系特征在扩张过程中具有一定的阶段差异性，资源型城市步入土地快速增长阶段早于非资源型城市。结论 各地要根据实际，采取差异化的城市发展措施，严格划定城镇开发边界，鼓励填充式开发，倡导紧凑城市理念；支持资源型城市经济结构转型，吸纳人口就业。

Abstract:

This research aims to compare and analyze the difference in the rate, mode and quality of spatial expansion between resource-based cities and non-resource-based cities in the Yellow River Basin from 1995 to 2018, so as to provide references for the sustainable use of land space in the Yellow River basin. The urban space was measured by urban physical region, and the urban expansion intensity index, landscape expansion index, Human-land Relationship Index, comparative analysis and other methods were comprehensively used. The results showed that: (1) The growth rate of the area of resource-based cities was much lower than that of non-resource-based cities. The area of resource-based cities increased by 320.76% from 1995 to 2018. The area of non-resource-based cities increased by 418.62%. (2) The dominant modes of land expansion in resource-based cities and non-resource-based cities were the infill type and the marginal type respectively. Compared with non-resource-based cities, resource-based cities had more obvious sprawling development. (3) The people-land relationships between the two types of cities demonstrated certain differences in the expansion process. The resource-based cities entered the rapid land growth stage earlier than non-resource-based cities. Therefore, it is suggested that regions should take differentiated measures according to actual conditions. Urban development boundaries should be strictly delimited, the infill development and the concept of compact city should be advocated. Furthermore, the transformation of the economic structure of resource-based cities should be put forward with more employment opportunities.