农地流转、规模效应与农户节水灌溉技术采纳：银保互动的调节效应

AGRICULTURAL LAND TRANSFER, SCALE EFFECT AND FARMERS' ADOPTION OF WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF BANK INSURANCE INTERACTION

关键词:  农地流转  制度安排  节水灌溉技术  规模效应  银保互动

Key words:  farmland transfer  institutional arrangements  water-saving irrigation technology  scale effect  bank-insurance interaction

摘要:

目的 推进节水灌溉技术采纳，对于缓解水资源短缺，实现黄河流域可持续发展具有重要意义。方法 文章基于黄河流域区1 909户农户调研数据，运用二元Logit模型，考察农地流转及其制度安排对农户节水灌溉技术采纳意愿与采纳行为的直接影响，并进一步检验了规模效应的中介作用以及银保互动的调节作用。结果 （1）农地流转及其制度安排对节水灌溉技术的采纳意愿与采纳行为有直接影响，但农地转入与转出户的影响存在差异。（2）农地转入通过增加农户经营总面积、扩大平均地块面积与使用农机生产，产生规模效应，对农户节水灌溉技术采纳意愿与采纳行为产生激励效应。（3）银保互动在农地流转对农户节水灌溉技术采纳意愿与采纳行为的影响中发挥重要调节作用，农地转入影响节水灌溉技术采纳意愿与采纳过程中的调节效应为正，但农地转出影响节水灌溉技术采纳意愿与采纳过程中的调节效应不显著。此外，异质性分析表明：受教育程度较高、经济状况较好、社会资本较多、种植经济作物、经营规模较大的农户更倾向于采纳节水灌溉技术。结论 逐步健全农地流转市场，完善农地流转的制度安排，建立“公开透明灵活”的农地流转平台；村集体等基层组织发挥好协调作用，管理功能，实现规模效应；政府加大对节水灌溉技术与银保互动合作模式的宣传，增强农户保护水资源的热情与积极性；鼓励合作社等新型农业经营主体发展，发挥示范带动作用，促进农业技术推广。

Abstract:

Promoting the adoption of water-saving irrigation technology is of great significance to alleviate the shortage of water resources and realize the sustainable development of the Yellow River Basin. Based on the survey data of 1 909 households in the Yellow River Basin, this paper used the binary logit model to investigate the direct impact of farmland transfer and its institutional arrangement on farmers' willingness to adopt water-saving irrigation technology and adoption behavior, and further tested the mediating effect of scale effect and the moderating effect of bank-insurance interaction. The results were listed as follows. (1) Agricultural land transfer and its institutional arrangement had a direct effect on the adoption intention and behavior of water-saving irrigation technology, but there were differences between the transfer and transfer of agricultural land. (2) By increasing the total area of farmers' operation, expanding the average land area and using agricultural machinery to produce scale effect, the transfer of agricultural land had an incentive effect on the willingness and behavior of farmers to adopt water-saving irrigation technology. (3) The interaction between bank and insurance played an important regulating role in the influence of farmland transfer on farmers' intention to adopt water-saving irrigation technology and their adoption behavior. The regulating effect of farmland transfer on the intention to adopt water-saving irrigation technology and the adoption process was positive, but the regulating effect of farmland transfer on the intention to adopt water-saving irrigation technology and the adoption process was not significant. In addition, heterogeneity analysis showed that farmers with higher education level, better economic status, more social capital, planting cash crops and larger scale of operation were more inclined to adopt water-saving irrigation technology. Therefore, it should gradually improve the agricultural land transfer market, improve the institutional arrangement of agricultural land transfer, and establish an "open, transparent and flexible" agricultural land transfer platform; village collectives and other grass-roots organizations should play a good coordinating role, management function, to achieve scale effect; and the government should increase the publicity of the interactive cooperation mode between water-saving irrigation technology and bank insurance, and enhance the enthusiasm and enthusiasm of farmers to protect water resources. In addition, we will encourage the development of cooperatives and other new types of agricultural business entities, play an exemplary and leading role, so as to promote the spread of agricultural technologies.