相对贫困视角下农村土地流转的多维减贫效应研究——基于福建省革命老区农户调查的实证分析

STUDY ON THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY REDUCTION EFFECT OF RURAL LAND TRANSFER UNDER THE PERSPECTIVE OF RELATIVE POVERTY——AN EMPIRICALL ANALYSIS BASED ON THE SURVEY OF FARMERS IN THE OLD REVOLUTIONARY BASE AREAS OF FUJIAN PROVINCE

关键词:  相对贫困  土地流转  多维贫困  减贫效应  防止返贫  革命老区

Key words:  relative poverty  land transfer  multidimensional poverty  poverty reduction effect  preventing the return of poverty  old revolutionary base areas

摘要:

目的 以福建省革命老区典型贫困县作为研究区域，将土地规模经营与扶贫工作紧密结合起来，探究土地流转缓解农户多维贫困的作用程度，对助力老区预防规模性返贫，实现乡村振兴战略具有重要的意义。方法 文章基于福建省革命老区591户农户的调查数据，采用A-F多维贫困测度法构建农户家庭多维贫困指标体系，并从理论与实证两个层面剖析土地流转的多维减贫机理。结果 （1）土地流转显著降低了农户的多维贫困指数，改善了农户的多维贫困状况；（2）土地流转在不同维度产生的减贫效应存在明显差异，土地转入与转出的多维减贫效应存在不对称性；（3）土地转入能有效缓解农户的收入贫困和教育贫困，而土地转出能进一步缓解农户的就业贫困。结论 应加强土地流转政策宣传，分类施策缓解农户多维贫困，巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果；提升农户家庭人力资本，加大培育新型农业经营主体；完善农村土地流转市场建设，健全农村社会保障制度。

Abstract:

Taking the typical poverty-stricken counties in the old revolutionary base areas of Fujian province as the research area, this paper closely combines land scale management with poverty alleviation work, and explores the role of land transfer in alleviating farmers' multidimensional poverty, which is of great significance to help the old revolutionary base areas prevent large-scale return to poverty and realize the strategy of rural revitalization. Based on the survey data of 591 peasant households in the old revolutionary base areas of Fujian province, the A-F multidimensional poverty measurement method was used to construct a multidimensional poverty index system for peasant households, and the multidimensional poverty reduction mechanism of land transfer was analyzed from both theoretical and empirical levels. The results showed that:(1) Land transfer significantly reduced the multidimensional poverty index and improved the multidimensional poverty status of farmer households. (2) There were significant differences in the poverty reduction effects of land transfer in different dimensions, and there was an asymmetry between the multidimensional poverty reduction effects of land in-transference and out-transference. (3) Land in-transference could effectively alleviate the income poverty and education poverty of farmers, while land out-transference could further alleviate the employment poverty of farmers. Therefore, the publicity of land transfer policies should be strengthened, and categorized measures should be adopted to alleviate the multidimensional poverty of farmer households, so as to consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation; Meanwhile, it should enhance the human capital of farming households, increase the cultivation of new agricultural business subjects, improve the construction of the rural land transfer market, and improve the social security system in rural areas.