共同富裕目标下农牧区多维相对贫困差异比较研究——以810户调研数据的多维相对贫困测度为据

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL RELATIVE POVERTY DIFFERENCES IN AGRICULTURAL AND PASTORAL AREAS UNDER THE GOAL OF COMMON PROSPERITY——BASED ON THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL RELATIVE POVERTY MEASUREMENT OF SURVEY DATA FROM 810 HOUSEHOLDS

关键词:  共同富裕  相对贫困  Alkire-Foster多维贫困指数  生态环境  内蒙古

Key words:  common prosperity  relative poverty  Alkire-Foster multidimensional poverty index  ecological environment  Inner Mongolia

摘要:

目的 研究边疆少数民族地区贫困问题并对其进行多维相对贫困测度，精准找出不同区域的致贫原因、返贫风险，为缩小区域间差距实现共同富裕奠定基础。方法 文章以内蒙古自治区草原牧区为例，主要采用分层抽样调查方法获取一手数据，结合A-F双界限法对各区域进行多维相对贫困识别与测算。结果 （1）内蒙古地区基本不存在收入维度的贫困，生活维度的多维贫困指数也较低；（2）中部区域和西部区域主要是环境维度被剥夺，教育维度次之，第三是健康维度；（3）东部区域主要是教育维度被剥夺，其次是健康维度，第三是环境维度。（4）内蒙古自治区整体农牧户家庭基本满足其生活需求，但收入维度的可持续增长仍值得重视，且东中西部区域农牧户相对贫困区域性差异明显，东部区域对内蒙古牧区相对贫困状况影响较大。结论 东部区域可着重推进教育培训工作，中部区域扩大疾病报销范围，西部区域适当取消部分医疗保险限制条件。内蒙古自治区各级政府和相关部门要加大健康知识宣传力度和社会保障监管力度。加强环境治理、提高教育水平以及建设生态农牧业是促进内蒙古区域协调发展，实现共同富裕的重要举措。

Abstract:

This research aims to study the poverty problem in border minority region, measure multidimensional relative poverty measurement, and accurately identify the causes of poverty and the risk of returning to poverty in different regions, thereby laying the foundation for reducing regional disparities and achieving common prosperity. Taking the grassland pastoral areas of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as a case study, this research employed the stratified sampling survey to gather firsthand data, and utilized the A-F double boundary method to identify and measure the multidimensional relative poverty in each region. The results were showed as follows. (1) There was basically no poverty in the income dimension in Inner Mongolia, and the multidimensional poverty index in the living dimension was also relatively low. (2) In the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia, environmental factors were the primary deprivation, followed by educational factors, and health factors ranked the third. (4) In Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the overall agricultural and pastoral households basically met their living needs, but the sustainable growth of income was still worthy of attention, and there were significant regional differences in relative poverty among farmers and herdsmen in the eastern, central, and western regions, and the eastern region had a greater impact on the relative poverty of pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia. Therefore, the eastern region in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region should prioritize efforts in promoting education and training, the central region should broaden the scope of disease reimbursement, and the western region should consider judiciously lifting certain restrictions on medical insurance. Governments at all levels and relevant departments in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region should enhance the dissemination of health knowledge and intensify social security oversight. Enhancing environmental governance, elevating educational standards, and establishing ecological agriculture and animal husbandry are crucial measures to foster regional coordinated development and attain common prosperity in Inner Mongolia.