河南省乡村旅游资源禀赋及开发潜力分析

ANALYSIS ON THE ENDOWMENT AND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF RURAL TOURISM RESOURCES IN HENAN PROVINCE

关键词:  乡村旅游  资源禀赋  空间分布  开发潜力  河南省

Key words:  rural tourism  resource endowment  spatial distribution  development potential  Henan province

摘要:

目的 梳理和评价河南省乡村旅游资源，为河南省乡村旅游开发和规划提供参考。方法 文章通过GIS和ARCGIS数据空间分析方法，对河南省乡村旅游资源空间分布进行分析；同时详细分析了不同种类的乡村旅游资源空间分异现象和区域差异性；最后在此基础上，通过构建指标体系运用主成分分析法综合评价河南省各地级市乡村旅游资源开发潜力。结果 （1）河南省乡村旅游地空间分布具有明显的集聚特征，整体呈现北多南少，中间多边缘少的分布格局；区域分布差异显著，不同类型乡村旅游地空间分布具有明显的地区分异特征，在市域层面具有明显的不均衡性。（2）河南省乡村旅游资源可划分为特色农业产业类、休闲农业观光类、自然景观类和乡村历史遗存类四大类，4类乡村旅游种类均以豫北和豫中地区分布较密集，豫南和省际周边区域分布较稀疏。（3）河南省各地级市乡村旅游地分布存在显著的空间相关性。冷点区和热点区分别各占全省的50%，热点区向冷点区辐射，呈现核心区向边缘区辐射的分布态势。结论 河南省乡村旅游资源开发潜力可以分为4个等级，即最强开发潜力（1个市）、较强开发潜力（10个市）、一般开发潜力（5个市）和最弱开发潜力（2个市），其中前2个等级的区域可以通过有效的资源整合，促进乡村旅游经济发展，后两个等级的区域需要加强对乡村旅游资源的保护和开发，由于受到经济等因素的限制，乡村旅游业发展会相对缓慢。

Abstract:

To sort out and evaluate rural tourism resources in Henan province, and provide a reference for the development and planning of rural tourism resources in Henan province. The GIS and ARCGIS data spatial analysis method was used to analyze the spatial distribution of rural tourism resources in Henan province, and the spatial differentiation and regional differences of different types of rural tourism resources were analyzed in detail, then, based on this, an indicator system was constructed and the principal component analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate the development potential of rural tourism resources in various cities in Henan province. The results were listed as follows. (1) There were obvious agglomeration characteristics in spatial distribution of rural tourism destinations in Henan province, showing a distribution pattern of more in the north and less in the south, with more in the middle and less in the edges; There were significant differences in regional distribution, and the spatial distribution of different types of rural tourism destinations had obvious regional differentiation characteristics, with significant imbalance at the city level. (2) The rural tourism resources in Henan province could be divided into four categories: characteristic agricultural industry, leisure agricultural sightseeing, natural landscape, and rural historical relics. All four types of rural tourism were densely distributed in the northern and central regions of Henan, while the distribution in the southern and inter provincial surrounding areas was sparse. (3) There was a significant spatial correlation in the distribution of rural tourism destinations in various cities in Henan province. The cold spot area and hot spot area each accounted for 50% of the province, and the hot spot area radiated towards the cold spot area, showing a distribution trend of core area radiating towards the edge area. In summary, the development potential of rural tourism resources in Henan province can be divided into four levels, namely the strongest development potential (1 city), the strongest development potential (10 cities), the general development potential (5 cities), and the weakest development potential (2 cities). The first two levels of regions can greatly promote the development of rural tourism economy through effective resource integration, while the latter two levels of regions need to strengthen the protection and development of rural tourism resources, and due to economic and other factors, the development of rural tourism will be relatively slow.