基于乡村振兴的安徽省县域乡村发展类型及区划研究

RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT TYPES AND REGIONALIZATION OF COUNTY-LEVEL RURAL AREAS IN ANHUI PROVINCE BASED ON RURAL REVITALIZATION

关键词:  乡村振兴战略  县域  空间分异  乡村发展类型  安徽省

Key words:  rural revitalization strategy  county level  spatial differentiation  rural development type  Anhui province

摘要:

目的 以县域为研究单元，客观地评价乡村振兴背景下安徽省乡村发展综合特征及差异性，并以此划分乡村发展类型，以期为新时期下乡村发展提供科学借鉴。方法 文章基于乡村振兴背景构建指标评价体系，量化分析乡村性及其空间分异特征，最后基于以上测算对其乡村发展类型进行归纳分类。结果 （1）2021年安徽省各县域乡村性指数差异明显，高值和较高值呈现一定的集聚态势，而低值和较低值集聚程度不明显；在空间分布上高值县域有8个，较高值县域30个，较低值县域19个，低值县域2个；高、较高值县域主要分布于皖北区、沿江区和皖中区；低、较低值县域集中分布于皖西区和零散分布于皖北的西北部和皖南区。（2）安徽省乡村性指数水平高值聚集，具有明显的空间自相关性；乡村性指数高值簇与低值簇呈现空间分异现象，乡村性发展区域差异显著。由相关性矩阵分析将安徽省59个县域分为产业主导型、生态友好型、经济自主型和均衡发展型4种乡村发展类型，并分别对4种乡村类型的发展特征和趋势进行了描述。结论 安徽省乡村区域内部差异较大，各地区乡村特征迥异，适宜聚焦乡村特色优势，探索差异化乡村发展路径。

Abstract:

Taking counties as research units, this study objectively evaluates the comprehensive characteristics and differences of rural development in Anhui province under the background of rural revitalization, and divides rural development types based on this, in order to provide a scientific reference for rural development in the new era. Based on the background of rural revitalization, an indicator evaluation system was constructed to quantitatively analyze the rural characteristics and their spatial differentiation. And based on the above calculations, the types of rural development were summarized and classified. And the results showed that: (1) In 2021, there were significant differences in the rural index among counties in Anhui province, with high and high values showing a certain clustering trend, while the clustering degree of low and low values was not significant; In terms of spatial distribution, there were 8 high value counties, 30 high value counties, 19 low value counties, and 2 low value counties; High and high-value counties were mainly distributed in the northern Anhui region, along the Yangtze River region, and central Anhui region; Low and lower value counties were concentrated in the western Anhui region and scattered in the northwest and southern Anhui regions of northern Anhui. (2) The rural index level in Anhui province was highly concentrated, showing significant spatial autocorrelation; The high value clusters and low value clusters of the rural index exhibited spatial differentiation, and there were significant regional differences in rural development. Through correlation matrix analysis, 59 counties in Anhui province were divided into four types of rural development: industry led, ecological friendly, economic independent, and balanced development. The development characteristics and trends of these four types of rural areas were described. In summary, there are significant differences within rural areas in Anhui province, with distinct rural characteristics in each region. It is appropriate to focus on the advantages of rural characteristics and explore differentiated rural development paths.