华北平原国家现代农业产业园：区域特征、效率评价与对策建议

NORTH CHINA PLAIN NATIONAL MODERN AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIAL PARK: REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS, EFFICIENCY EVALUATION, AND SUGGESTIONS FOR COUNTERMEASURES

关键词:  国家现代农业产业园  区域特征  效率评价  空间分析  对策建议

Key words:  National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park  regional development characteristics  efficiency levels  spatial analysis  suggestions for countermeasures

摘要:

目的 国家现代农业产业园是促进农民增收、乡村产业发展和加快农业现代化的重要载体。华北平原作为重要的粮食及重要农产品供给保障区，是现代农业产业园高度集聚区。探讨华北平原国家现代农业产业园区域发展特征及效率水平，总结其建设经验，对我国国家现代农业产业园的区域协调优化和高效发展具有重要意义。方法 文章以华北平原51家国家现代农业产业园为研究对象，运用标准差椭圆、核密度估计方法，分析园区空间特征；通过赫芬达尔指数分析园区产业集聚度；采用DEA-SBM方法对园区投入产出进行效率分析。结果 （1）空间分布方面，华北平原的国家现代农业产业园空间分布呈现“北（偏西）—南（偏东）”的方向特征，并且呈现集聚带状分布特征，主要分布贯穿在京津、鲁苏区域；（2）产业发展方面，华北平原的国家现代农业产业园主导产业以畜牧、粮食、水果、蔬菜为主，且具有典型的寡占型特征；（3）投入产出方面，华北平原的国家现代农业产业园呈现整体向好态势，规模效率是制约园区运行效率提升的重要因素。结论 强化集聚区辐射功能，推动园区产业联动发展；完善全产业链环节，提升园区增值增效空间；优化园区要素供给，提高生产要素利用水平。

Abstract:

The National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park is an important catalyst for promoting the increase of farmers' income, the development of rural industry, and the acceleration of agricultural modernization. As a crucial area ensuring the supply of food and agricultural products, the North China Plain stands out as a highly concentrated region for modern agricultural industrial parks. Exploring the regional development characteristics and efficiency levels of the National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park in the North China Plain, and summarizing its construction experience, is significant for the regional coordination, optimization, and efficient development of such parks throughout China. This paper analyzed the spatial characteristics of 51 National Modern Agricultural Industrial Parks in the North China Plain using standard deviation ellipse and kernel density estimation methods. The degree of industrial agglomeration within the parks was assessed using the Herfindahl index. Additionally, the input-output efficiency of the parks was evaluated using the DEA-SBM method. The results showed that: (1) Regarding spatial distribution, the National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park in the North China Plain exhibited directional characteristics of 'north (west)-south (east)' and demonstrates agglomeration belt distribution, primarily concentrated in the Beijing-Tianjin and Lu-Su regions; (2) Concerning industrial development, the dominant industries in the national modern agricultural industrial parks in the North China Plain were mainly animal husbandry, grain, fruit, and vegetables, characterized by a typical oligopoly; (3) Regarding input-output, the National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park in the North China Plain displayed an overall positive trend, with scale efficiency emerging as an important factor restricting the improvement of the park's operational efficiency. Therefore, it should strengthen the radiation function of the agglomeration area to promote industrial linkage development within the park, enhance the entire industrial chain to increase the value-added and efficiency of the park and optimize the supply of factors within the park and improve the utilization level of production factors.