长沙县农村居民点用地混合利用评价及影响因素分析

EVALUATION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF MIXED USE OF RURAL RESIDENTIAL LAND IN CHANGSHA COUNTY

关键词:  土地混合利用  农村居民点用地  评价  影响因素  长沙县

Key words:  land mixed use  rural residential land  evaluate  influencing factors  Changsha county

摘要:

目的 农村居民点用地混合利用是改善农村人居环境、激发乡村活力的有力工具。通过构建基于多样性和兼容性2个维度的农村居民点用地混合利用测度方法，评价长沙县农村居民点用地混合利用的特征并剖析其影响因素和影响因素间的交互作用对混合利用度的解释力。方法 文章借助Hill numbers多样性测度模型、基于加权向量的混合度指数、耦合协调度模型、Spearman秩相关系数及地理探测器模型。结果 （1）长沙县农村居民点用地混合利用数据结构呈现“倒U型”分布且存在空间集聚特征，热点集聚区分布在长沙县南部，冷点集聚区分布在长沙县北部。（2）相比多样性，兼容性数值更高且跨度更小，总体表现更优；将土地利用多功能耦合协调度引入农村居民点用地利用兼容性测度可使测量体系更加完善。（3）人口密度、路网密度、公共基础设施水平、教育水平、二三产业发展现状和土地开发吸引力与混合利用度呈显著正相关，其中土地开发吸引力解释力最高；高程变异系数、地形起伏度、坡度、县城临近度和所属镇临近度与混合利用度呈显著负相关，其中县城临近度解释力最高。（4）影响因子间存在双因子增强和非线性增强两种交互现象即因子间交互作用效果可以超越单因素独自作用的效果。结论 该研究为农村居民点用地混合利用的测度提供了更完善的测量体系。充分认识农村居民点用地混合利用特征及其影响因素可为乡村规划与发展提供参考。

Abstract:

The mixed-use of rural residential land is a powerful tool to improve the rural living environment and stimulate rural vitality. By utilizing models such as the Hill numbers diversity measurement model, the weighted vector-based mix degree index, the coupling coordination model, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, and the geographical detector model, a measurement method for the mixed-use of rural residential land is constructed based on two dimensions: diversity and compatibility. This method evaluates the characteristics of mixed-use rural residential land in Changsha County and analyzes the explanatory power of its influencing factors and the interaction between influencing factors on the degree of mixed utilization. The results showed that: (1) The data structure of mixed-use of rural residential land in Changsha County presents an "inverted U-shaped" distribution with spatial agglomeration characteristics. The hot spot agglomeration areas are distributed in the southern part of Changsha County, while the cold spot agglomeration areas are distributed in the northern part of Changsha County. (2) Compared to diversity, the compatibility value is higher and has a smaller span, showing overall better performance. Introducing the coupling coordination degree of land use multifunctionality into the measurement of rural residential land use compatibility can improve the measurement system. (3) Population density, road network density, level of public infrastructure, education level, the current development status of secondary and tertiary industries, and land development attractiveness are significantly positively correlated with the degree of mixed-use, with land development attractiveness having the highest explanatory power. Elevation coefficient of variation, terrain relief, slope, proximity to county town, and proximity to the respective town are significantly negatively correlated with the degree of mixed-use, with proximity to the county town having the highest explanatory power. (4) There are two types of interaction phenomena between influencing factors: bi-factor enhancement and non-linear enhancement, meaning that the interaction effect between factors can surpass the effect of a single factor acting alone. This study provides a more comprehensive measurement system for the mixed-use of rural residential land. A thorough understanding of the characteristics of mixed-use of rural residential land and its influencing factors can provide references for rural planning and development.