中国国家公园旅游研究：历程、框架与展望

NATIONAL PARK TOURISM RESEARCH IN CHINA:RESEARCH COURSE, FRAMEWORK AND PROSPECT

关键词:  国家公园  旅游  框架  展望  中国

Key words:  national parks  tourism  framework  prospect  China

摘要:

目的 该研究基于旅游系统理论并综合使用多种文本分析方法，系统梳理中国国家公园旅游的研究进展，明确研究的阶段性特征并构建国家公园旅游研究框架。从而识别和解析国家公园旅游研究的关键内容，提出未来研究方向，以助力国家公园的可持续发展和人民福祉的增进。方法 文章综合运用知识图谱、扎根理论及文本词频分析等方法对1992—2023年CNKI数据库中的核心期刊所刊载的中国国家公园旅游研究文献进展进行了分析。结果 （1）中国国家公园旅游研究的起步相对较晚，研究经历了起步探索阶段（1992—2003年）、初步发展阶段（2004—2016年）以及稳步推进阶段（2017年至今）。（2）基于旅游供给、旅游需求以及旅游支撑三大旅游系统，构建了研究框架并进一步分析了其内在逻辑关系，涵盖了旅游者、潜在旅游者、智力支持、政策管理、公共服务、资源环境、旅游产品以及目的地8个重点研究领域。（3）从国家公园旅游基础理论与方法应用、环境影响与资源利用、社区与人类福祉、生态旅游管理与市场营销、运行机制与政策等方面提出对未来研究的展望。结论 3种文本分析方法的综合运用更科学地解读了研究热点、分析研究内容、构建与检验研究框架。总体而言，中国国家公园旅游研究的理论视角、内容与政策导向和实践发展紧密结合，而在一些重点研究领域仍需要加强。

Abstract:

This study aims to systematically review the progress of research on national park tourism in China, grounded in the tourism system theory and enriched by an amalgamation of diverse textual analysis techniques. It seeks to clarify the phased characteristics of research and construct a research framework for national park tourism. This endeavor is designed to pinpoint and dissect pivotal themes within the realm of national park tourism research and propose future research directions, thereby contributing to the sustainable development of national parks and the enhancement of people's well-being. This research employed a comprehensive set of methods, including knowledge mapping, grounded theory, and text word frequency analysis, to scrutinize the trajectory of research on national park tourism in China. And the data was extracted from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, spanning from the year 1992 to 2023. The results showed that: (1) The study traced the development of national park tourism research in China, which began relatively late and had progressed through distinct phases: an initial exploratory period from 1992 to 2003, a preliminary development phase from 2004 to 2016, and a phase of steady advancement from 2017 to the present. (2) Based on the three tourism systems—tourism supply system, tourism demand system and tourism support system—a research framework was constructed and its internal logical relationships were further analyzed. This framework encompassed eight key research areas: tourists, potential tourists, intellectual support, policy management, public services, resource environment, tourism products and destinations. (3) This study proposed future research perspectives in terms of the basic theory and method application of national park tourism, environmental impact and resource utilization, community and human well-being, ecological tourism management and marketing, and operational mechanisms and policies. In summary, the integration of the three text analysis methods has provided a more scientific approach to interpreting research hotspots, analysis of research content and construction and testing of the research framework. In general, the research on national park tourism in China has tightly integrated theoretical perspectives, content, policy orientation and practical development. Nonetheless, there is a recognized need for further strengthening in some key research areas.