我国蜜蜂种业发展现状、问题及对策建议

THE CURRENT SITUATION, PROBLEMS AND COUNTERMEASURES OF BEE SEED INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

关键词:  蜜蜂  育种技术  种质资源  人才  育种机构

Key words:  bee  technology of bee breeding  germplasm resources  talents  breeding institution

摘要:

目的 蜜蜂在农业生产扮演着重要的角色。推动蜜蜂种业发展，是种业振兴的重要内容。系统梳理蜜蜂种业发展现状，分析我国蜜蜂种业发展存在的问题，以期为推动蜜蜂种业高质量发展提供决策参考。方法 文章采用文献分析法和总结归纳法，分析我国蜜蜂种业的发展现状、问题及对策建议。结果 （1）我国对蜜蜂种业的重视程度在不断提高，在蜜蜂种质资源普查、蜜蜂育种技术以及蜜蜂保护区建设等方面取得积极成效；（2）我国蜜蜂种业发展仍存在育种技术与世界先进水平差距较大、蜜蜂商业化育种体系尚不健全、蜜蜂种质资源保护力度不够、种蜂市场缺乏监管以及育种机构专业人才缺乏等问题。结论 推动我国蜜蜂种业高质量发展，应加强蜜蜂育种技术创新，强化蜜蜂种质资源保护，完善蜜蜂商业化育种体系，规范蜜蜂种蜂市场以及加强蜜蜂育种人才培养等。

Abstract:

Honey bees play an important role in nature, and promoting the development of honey bee seed industry is an important content of seed industry revitalization. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore and study the problems existing in the development of China's honey bee seed industry by systematically sorting out the research of honey bee seed industry. This research adopted the method of literature analysis and summary induction to elaborate the development status of China's honeybee seed industry, analyze the problems existing therein, and put forward targeted suggestions with a view to enriching the research in the field of honeybee seed industry. The results were showed as follows. (1) China had achieved remarkable results in the census of bee germplasm resources, bee semen preservation technology and the construction of bee sanctuaries, and the national attention to the honey bee seed industry was increasing. (2) Although China's honeybee seed industry had made certain achievements in recent years, there were still many problems, such as a large gap between breeding technology and the world's advanced level, the commercialized breeding system of honeybees was not sound, the protection of honeybee germplasm resources was not strong enough, the lack of regulation of the seed bee market, and the lack of talents in breeding institutions. Therefore, to promote the high-quality development of China's honeybee seed industry, we should strengthen the technological innovation of honeybee breeding, enhance the protection of honeybee germplasm resources, improve the honeybee commercial breeding system, regulate the market of honeybee seed bees as well as strengthen the cultivation of honeybee breeding talents.