中国畜牧业现代化研究进展与未来展望

EVOLUTION AND FUTURE PROSPECT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY MODERNIZATION RESEARCH IN CHINA

关键词:  畜牧业现代化  高质量发展  文献计量  热点演进  研究展望

Key words:  modernization of animal husbandry  high-quality development  bibliometrics  hotpots evolution  research prospect

摘要:

目的 为全面系统地了解30年来畜牧业现代化进程，掌握研究热点，预测未来研究趋势。方法 文章借助CiteSpace可视化分析软件，基于发文作者、机构和关键词3个维度，对畜牧业现代化研究展开了文献计量分析。结果 （1）发文数量整体呈上升趋势，结合发展背景与发文数量变化情况，将畜牧业现代化进程划分为3个阶段：快速发展阶段（1994—2004年）、稳步发展阶段（2005—2014年）和全面转型升级阶段（2015年至今）。（2）通过对发文作者以及机构的分析，得出研究主体力量已初步形成，但无论是作者合作还是机构合作都较为分散。（3）快速发展阶段，研究主要集中于饲料粮研究、养殖模式研究、畜牧业产业化研究等领域；稳步发展阶段，研究聚焦于技术创新、生产经营方式、产业链的建设以及气候变化等领域；全面转型升级阶段，研究主要集中在三产融合、可持续（低碳）发展和动物福利等领域。结论 30年来我国畜牧业现代化进程显著，突出表现为生产模式的优化、科学技术的广泛应用、品种改良的大力推进，绿色畜牧业的快速发展以及市场化经营的不断完善。但还需提炼总结畜牧业现代化共识性概念，同时也要注重解决现阶段畜牧业现代化生产中所面临的现实问题。实现畜牧业现代化是一个长期而动态的目标，未来畜牧业现代化相关研究将更加聚焦于科技创新、数智化、集约化生产、绿色发展、多元与国际化等方面。

Abstract:

To comprehensively and systematically explore the process of animal husbandry modernization in China in the past 30 years, find out the research hotpots, and predict the future development trend. With the help of CiteSpace visual analysis software, bibliometric analysis was carried out on the research efforts for animal husbandry modernization in three dimensions: authors, institutions, and keywords. The overall number of published literature showed an upward trend; the development of animal husbandry could be divided into three stages: The rapid development stage (1994-2004), the steady development stage (2005-2014), and the comprehensive transformation and upgrading stage (2015-present). Analysis on the research power of the authors and institutions revealed that research subjects had been initially formed, but with a scattering characteristic for both the author cooperation and the institutional cooperation. In rapid development stage, the research was mainly focused on feed grains, breeding models, and industrialization of animal husbandry; in the steady development stage, the research was concentrated on technological innovation, production and operation modes, construction of industrial chains, and climate change; and in the stage of comprehensive transformation and upgrading, the research attention was mainly paid to the three-industry integration, sustainable (low-carbon) development, animal welfare, etc. In summary,over the past three decades, China's animal husbandry has made remarkable progress in modernization, which is primarily reflected in the optimization of production systems, the widespread application of scientific and technological advancements, the active promotion of breed improvement, the rapid growth of green livestock farming, and the continuous refinement of market-oriented operations. Nevertheless, further efforts are required to establish a consensus on the conceptual framework of modern animal husbandry and to effectively address the practical challenges encountered in the ongoing process of its modernization. Therefore, the modernization of animal husbandry is a long-term and dynamic goal. In the future, the research in this field shall make more efforts in technological innovation, digital intelligence, intensive production, green development, diversification, and internationalization, among other dimensions.