技术进步偏向下主产区粮食绿色生产的动能分解

KINETIC ENERGY DECOMPOSITION OF GRAIN GREEN PRODUCTION IN MAIN PRODUCING AREAS UNDER THE BIAS OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS

关键词:  技术进步偏向  绿色产出  绿色全要素生产率  嵌套式CES生产函数  粮食主产区

Key words:  technological progress bias  green output  grain green total factor productivity, GTFP  embedded CES production function  major grain producing areas

摘要:

目的 构建粮食绿色生产的要素增强型嵌套式CES（Constant Elasticity of Substitution，CES）函数，对粮食绿色生产动能进行评估和解构，为进一步提升绿色全要素增长率，推动主产区粮食绿色生产转型提供决策依据。方法 文章基于2004—2021年主产区粮食生产相关数据，运用标准化供给面系统方法估计主产区13省区粮食绿色生产的要素替代弹性、识别技术进步偏向，并进一步分解粮食绿色生产动能，解构技术进步偏向、要素效率与要素配置对绿色全要素生产率增长的贡献。结果 （1）主产区粮食绿色转型取得了较大的成就，粮食绿色产出占总产出比重约为70%；（2）主产区粮食生产的资本要素与劳动要素存在互补关系，但各省份要素的替代和互补存在异质性；（3）主产区总体上粮食绿色生产的技术进步偏向经历了资本偏向—劳动偏向—资本偏向的转换；（4）粮食绿色全要素生产率增长主要由技术进步驱动，但增长速度减缓，技术进步偏向与要素配置存在不适宜状态，尚有提升空间。结论 主产区粮食绿色生产转型应依据技术进步偏向特征合理配置要素投入，提升技术进步偏向与要素配置的适宜性，驱动绿色全要素生产率增长，发展新质生产力。

Abstract:

The nested CES （Constant Elasticity of Substitution, CES） function with enhanced factors of grain green production is constructed to evaluate and deconstruct the kinetic energy of grain green production, so as to provide a decision-making basis for further improving the growth rate of green total factors and promoting the transformation of grain green production in main producing areas. Based on the data of grain production in the main producing areas from 2004 to 2021, this research estimated the elasticity of factor substitution of grain green production in 13 provinces in the main producing areas, identified the bias of technological progress, further decomposed the kinetic energy of grain green production, and deconstructed the contribution of technological progress bias, factor efficiency and factor allocation structure to the growth of green total factor productivity. The results were showed as follows. (1) Great achievements had been made in the green transformation of grain in the main producing areas, and the green output of grain accounted for about 70% of the total output; (2) There was a complementary relationship between the capital elements, labor elements and capital elements of grain production in the main producing areas, but there was heterogeneity in the substitution and complementary of elements in each province; (3) On the whole, the technological progress bias of grain green production in the main producing areas had experienced the transformation from capital bias to labor bias to capital bias; (4) The growth of grain green total factor productivity was mainly driven by technological progress, but the growth rate was slow, and the deviation of technological progress and the allocation of factors were inappropriate, so there was still room for improvement. Therefore, the transformation of grain green production in main producing areas should rationally allocate factor inputs according to the characteristics of technological progress bias, improve the suitability of technological progress bias and factor allocation, drive the growth of green total factor productivity and develop new quality productivity.