水足迹视角下安徽北部地区水资源利用效率研究——基于SBM-VRS-SDEA模型

WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF NORTHERN ANHUI UNDER WATER FOOTPRINT PERSPECTIVE*——BASED ON SBM—VRS—SDEA MODEL

关键词:  水足迹  蓝水  绿水  蒸散量  非径向超效率DEA模型

Key words:  water footprint  blue water  green water  evapotranspiration  SBM-VRS-SDEA

摘要:

目的 聚焦安徽北部地区淮北平原补灌区与江淮丘陵分水岭两个缺水区域，探讨淮北小麦—玉米及江淮小麦—水稻两熟种植模式下水足迹与用水效果的空间分布，从宏观尺度上对农业水资源管理利用效率的评价与管理提供了科学的理论依据。方法 文章运用非径向超效率DEA模型（SBM-VRS-SDEA）评价其水资源利用效率，对安徽北部地区农业水资源利用提升方向进行探讨。结果 江淮丘陵地区小麦—水稻两熟模式水足迹大于淮北地区小麦—玉米两熟模式水足迹，江淮丘陵地区小麦—水稻两熟模式蓝水、绿水足迹也分别大于淮北地区小麦—玉米两熟模式蓝水、绿水足迹；技术模式对水资源利用效率影响显著；提升绿水利用比例对于减少蓝水使用、实现水资源可持续利用具有重要意义。结论 建议根据区域特性差异化制定用水计划，提出提高绿水使用比例，减少蓝水灌溉压力，江淮地区应重点利用绿水资源，淮北地区则需制定科学的节水策略，选择有效的农业用水节水方式。

Abstract:

Focusing on two water-scarce regions of Huabei Plain recharge irrigation area and Jianghuai Hills Watershed, this research aims to explore the spatial distribution of the water footprint and water effect under the wheat-corn and wheat-rice double-cropping patterns, in order to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the evaluation and management of the utilization efficiency of the agricultural water resources management at the macro scale. The method of SBM-VRS-SDEA model was applied to evaluate the utilization efficiency of its water resources, and the direction of agricultural water use enhancement was explored in the two regions. The results showed the water footprints of wheat-rice mode in the hilly areas of Jianghuai were larger than the water footprints of wheat-corn mode in Huaibei area, and the blue or green water footprints of wheat-rice mode in the hilly areas of Jianghuai were also larger than the blue or green water footprints of wheat-corn mode in Huaibei area, respectively; Technological patterns had a significant impact on water resource utilization efficiency； Increasing the proportion of green water utilization was of great significance for reducing blue water usage, decreasing dependence on irrigation facilities, and achieving sustainable water resource utilization. Therefore, based on the above study, it is recommended to differentiate the water use plan according to regional characteristics, and this study proposes to increase the proportion of green water use, and reduce the pressure of blue water irrigation. In addition, it should focus on the use of green water resources in Jianghuai region, while Huaibei region should formulate a scientific water conservation strategy and choose an effective way of water conservation in agricultural water use.