基于扎根理论的乡村旅游资源开发的分析框架构建研究

CONSTRUCTING ANANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL TOURISM RESOURCES BASED ON GROUNDED THEORY

关键词:  乡村旅游  乡村旅游资源开发  扎根理论  理论框架  资源开发条件  资源开发愿景

Key words:  rural tourism  rural tourism resource development  the grounded theory  theoretical framework  resource development conditions  resource development vision

摘要:

目的 乡村旅游已成为乡村振兴的内源力及重要抓手。而旅游资源开发是乡村旅游发展的基础，对乡村旅游资源进行有效开发，能够积极推动乡村振兴。但学界对于乡村旅游资源的组成内核、模式特征、要素条件、呈现效应等研究还不够成熟，因此拟构建其开发的分析框架以解决这些问题。方法 文章全面回顾和分析了乡村旅游资源开发的文本性资料，运用扎根理论方法进行编码分析，构建乡村旅游资源开发的分析框架。结果 乡村旅游资源开发是由乡村性资源条件、参与主体、保障条件、在地资源开发方法、开发模式特征、乡村资源开发效应及乡村资源开发愿景构成。结论 条件要素在构建其开发框架时缺一不可。乡村性资源条件和参与主体是框架构建的基础条件，保障条件和国内外已有模式特征是框架构建的环境条件，在地资源开发方法是框架构建的干扰条件；乡村资源开发效应是5个要素相互作用的结果呈现，以此推动乡村资源开发愿景的实现。结合中国场景，乡村旅游资源开发理论框架构建能够为政府决策部门设计制定旅游资源开发战略措施提供理论参考和管理启示。

Abstract:

Rural tourism has emerged as an internal driving force and essential strategy for rural revitalization. The exploitation and development of rural tourism resources form the bedrock upon which sustainable rural tourism is built. Consequently, the strategic and effective utilization of these resources can significantly contribute to the advancement of rural revitalization initiatives. However, the academic community's research on the core components, model characteristics, enabling conditions, underlying mechanisms, and resultant impacts of rural tourism resources remains insufficiently developed. Therefore, this study aims to construct a theoretical analysis framework to construct for the development of rural tourism resources in order to address these knowledge gaps. This study conducted a comprehensive review and in-depth analysis of textual materials related to the development of rural tourism resources. And utilizing the grounded theory method, it performed three-level coding to systematically analyze the data and constructed a robust theoretical framework for the development of rural tourism resources. The research findings indicated that, based on the textual materials and empirical experiences from previous studies on rural tourism resource development, the development of rural tourism resources was comprised of seven key elements: rural resource conditions, participating stakeholders, guarantee conditions, local resource development methodologies, and the characteristics of existing domestic and international models. Additionally, it encompassed the effects and vision for the development of rural tourism resources. In summary, in the seven key elements, the initial five constitute the enabling conditions，and all enabling conditions are essential in the construction of its development framework for the development of rural tourism resources. Specifically, rural resource conditions and participating stakeholders form the foundational elements of the theoretical framework construction; guarantee conditions and the characteristics of existing domestic and international models constitute the environmental context for framework construction; and the methods of in-situ resource development serve as interfering factors in the construction of the theoretical framework. The effects of rural resource development emerge from the interaction among these five elements, ultimately facilitating the realization of the vision for rural resource development. In the context of China, the development of a theoretical framework for rural tourism resource management can serve as a valuable reference and provide strategic insights for government decision-making bodies in formulating and implementing resource development policies.