粮食供应链风险管理研究进展与展望——从“风险”到“韧性”

RESEARCH PROGRESS AND PROSPECT OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN GRAIN SUPPLY CHAIN——FROM “RISK” TO “RESILIENCE”

关键词:  粮食安全  粮食供应链  供应链风险  供应链风险管理  供应链韧性

Key words:  grain security  grain supply chain  supply chain risk  supply chain risk management  supply chain resilience

摘要:

目的 粮食安全的根本在于供应链安全，建立具有韧性响应的粮食供应链，提升粮食供应链抗风险能力至关重要。以粮食供应链为基础，从“风险”到“韧性”梳理粮食供应链风险管理的相关研究进展，并结合已有研究尚存不足提出未来研究展望，为优化国家粮食安全路径提供理论支撑。方法 文章全面回顾该领域相关研究成果，从研究对象、评价指标、目标导向、解决路径等方面比较分析风险与韧性的内涵，揭示出粮食供应链风险管理研究的演变逻辑，并依据韧性理论构建一个新的粮食安全分析框架。结果 研究结果表明，树立粮食产业整体安全观，粮食供应链风险管理范围正逐步从粮食产业单一环节向供应链网络整体延伸，相较于研究“风险”的不确定性结果本身，将“韧性”理论融入粮食供应链风险管理的研究，强调系统受到外力冲击后自行恢复、变革的能力，对粮食安全的影响更积极、更系统、更深入。结论 未来，粮食供应链风险管理研究视角将逐渐向动态韧性管理演进，在深化粮食供应链韧性基础理论、粮食供应链韧性微观主体协同机制、粮食供应链韧性测度及空间异化、粮食供应链影响因素及机理等方面深入研究。

Abstract:

The essence of food security lies in the security of supply chain. It is of great importance to build a resilient food supply chain and enhance its ability to resist risks. Based on the grain supply chain, this research reviewed the relevant research progress of risk management for grain supply chain from "risk" to "resilience", and puts forward future research prospects based on existing research deficiencies to provide theoretical support for optimizing the path of national grain security. The relevant research results in this field were reviewed in all aspects, and the connotation of risk and resilience was compared and analyzed from the aspects of research object, evaluation index, goal orientation and solution paths, so as to reveal the evolution logic of risk management research of grain supply chain, and construct a new grain security analysis framework based on the resilience theory. The research results showed that the overall security concept of the grain industry was established, and the scope of risk management of the grain supply chain was gradually extended from a single link of the grain industry to the whole supply chain network. Compared with the uncertainty result of the "risk" itself, the "resilience" theory was integrated into the research of risk management of the grain supply chain, emphasizing the ability of the system to recover and change after being impacted by external forces. The impact on grain security was more positive, more systematic and more profound. Therefore, in the future, the research perspective of risk management for grain supply chain will gradually evolve to dynamic resilience management, and in-depth studies will be made on the basic theory of grain supply chain resilience, the coordination mechanism of micro-subjects of grain supply chain resilience, the measurement and spatial differentiation of grain supply chain resilience, and the influencing factors and mechanisms of grain supply chain.