农业产业集群对农民收入增长的组态效应分析——以广西壮族自治区为例

THE CONFIGURATION EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS ON FARMERS' INCOME GROWTHA CASE STUDY OF GUANGXI, SOUTHWESTERN CHINA

关键词:  农业产业  农民收入  产业集群  产业结构升级  组态效应

Key words:  agro-industrial  farmers' income  industrial cluster  upgrading of industrial structure  configuration effect

摘要:

目的 通过分析广西农业产业集群发展水平和农民收入情况，探索产业集群发展对农民收入增长的组态效应。方法 文章以广西壮族自治区为研究对象，选择模糊集定性比较分析法，基于农业产业集群多元组态视角，深入探析农业产业集群发展对农民收入增长的影响机制。结果 （1）2012—2022年广西农业产业集群发展全省整体水平略呈下降趋势，表现为东北区域上升，西南区域下降，农业产业集聚呈现自西南区域向东北区域集聚的发展态势。市域层面，产业集聚水平时空演化区域差异显著，市域之间差异性呈缩小趋势。（2）相对于全国平均水平，广西农民收入水平普遍较低，区域差异明显，研究期间收入增长幅度区域差异不大。（3）必要性分析显示，农业产业集群前因条件变量均不能单独作为结果变量的必要条件存在，其必要条件并不局限于该文选定的条件变量，说明不存在单一条件变量因素可以解释农民收入的增长。（4）充分性分析显示，农业产业集群条件变量的不同组态可以对结果变量产生影响，验证充分性，并通过组态效应稳健性检验，产业集群发展实现其对农民收入的增长需要多维度条件组合作用，并结合市域实际情况展开深入探讨。结论 广西农业产业化发展基础条件差，全省农民收入依然主要以传统农业生产经营为主，其次是国家农业补贴等转移性收入，工资性和财产性收入相对较低；农业产业集群发展在促进农民收入增长方面，需要通过多因素组合协调推进，广西农业产业集群对农民收入增长的组态效应，形成了两大组态驱动类型，即产业集聚型组态路径和产业升级型组态路径，共包括5种组态路径。最后，针对全文结论提出相应建议。

Abstract:

By analyzing the development level of agricultural industry clusters and the income situation of farmers in Guangxi, this study explores the configuration effect of industrial cluster development on the growth of farmers' income. Taking Guangxi as the research object, the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method was adopted to explore the impact mechanism of agricultural industry cluster development on farmers' income growth from the perspective of diversified configuration of agricultural industry clusters. The results were listed as follows. (1) From 2012 to 2022, the overall level of agricultural industry cluster development in Guangxi province showed a slight downward trend, with an increase in the northeast region and a decrease in the southwest region. And the agricultural industry cluster showed a trend of clustering from the southwest region to the northeast region. (2) Compared to the national average, the income level of farmers in Guangxi was generally low, with significant regional differences. The regional differences in income growth during the research period were not significant. (3) The necessity analysis showed that the antecedent conditional variables of agricultural industry clusters could not exist as necessary conditions for the outcome variables alone, and their necessary conditions were not limited to the selected conditional variables in this research, indicating that there was no single conditional variable factor that could explain the growth of farmers' income. (4) The adequacy analysis showed that different configurations of conditional variables in agricultural industry clusters could have an impact on the outcome variables. By verifying the adequacy and conducting robustness tests on the configuration effects, it was found that the development of industrial clusters required a multidimensional combination of conditions to achieve their growth in farmers' income, and in-depth exploration should be conducted in conjunction with the actual situation of the city. In summary, the basic conditions for the development of agricultural industrialization in Guangxi are poor, and the income of farmers in the province is still mainly based on traditional agricultural production and operation, followed by transfer income such as national agricultural subsidies. And wage and property income are relatively low. The development of agricultural industry clusters promotes the growth of farmers' income through the coordinated promotion of multiple factors. The configuration effect of Guangxi's agricultural industry clusters on farmers' income growth has formed two types of configuration driven paths, namely the industrial agglomeration configuration path and the industrial upgrading configuration path, which include a total of five configuration paths. Finally, corresponding suggestions are proposed for the conclusion of the entire article.