农村人居环境整治对农民幸福感的影响及机制研究

IMPACTS AND MECHANISMS OF RURAL HUMAN SETTLEMENT ENVIRONMENT RENOVATION ON FARMERS’ WELL-BEING

关键词:  农村人居环境整治  环境获得感  政府信任  幸福感  中介效应

Key words:  rural living environment improvement  sense of environmental gain  government trust  sense of happiness  mediation effect

摘要:

目的 探究农村人居环境整治对农民幸福感的影响及机制，为优化农村人居环境整治提升农民幸福感的制度设计提供参考。方法 文章基于安徽省636份农户调研数据，运用Ordered Probit模型探究农村人居环境整治对农民幸福感的影响，并利用逐步回归和KHB模型检验农民环境获得感及政府信任在农村人居环境整治与农民幸福感之间的中介效应。结果 （1）农村人居环境整治显著正向影响农民幸福感， 这一结论在替换核心解释变量、更换计量模型及处理内生性问题之后仍然稳健。并且，经济相对落后区域的农村人居环境整治对农民幸福感的影响效应更强。（2）农村人居环境整治显著正向影响农民环境获得感和政府信任，环境获得感和政府信任也显著提升农民幸福感，农村人居环境整治能通过增进农民环境获得感和政府信任两条路径提升农民幸福感，且环境获得感的中介作用略强于政府信任的中介作用。（3）学历、职业类型、社会公平感、农村养老保险满意度以及农村医疗保险满意度也显著正向影响农民幸福感。结论 从系统强化环境整治成效提高农民环境获得感和扎实推行“阳光整治”增进农民对政府信任两方面提出对策建议，以优化农村环境整治并提升农民幸福感。

Abstract:

This research aims to explore the impact and mechanism of rural living environment improvement on farmers' sense of happiness, so as to provide policy recommendations for optimizing institutional designs that enhance farmers' sense of happiness through rural living environment improvement. Based on 636 survey data of rural residents in Anhui province, this study employed the Ordered Probit model to analyze the impact of rural living environment improvement on farmers' sense of happiness, and applied the Stepwise Regression and the KHB model to examine the mediating effects of farmers' sense of environmental gain and government trust in this relationship. The results showed that: (1) Rural living environmental improvement significantly improved farmers' sense of happiness, with results remaining robust after robustness checks including variable substitution, model replacement, and endogeneity treatment. Moreover, the impact of environmental improvement on happiness was stronger in economically underdeveloped regions. (2) Rural living environment improvement initiative significantly boosted both farmers' sense of environmental gain and government trust, which in turn positively influenced farmers' sense of happiness. Rural living environment improvement could boost farmers' happiness through these two pathways, with sense of environmental gain showing slightly stronger mediating effects than government trust. (3) Education level, occupation type, sense of social fairness, satisfaction with rural pension insurance and rural medical insurance also significantly and positively influenced farmers' happiness. Based on this, policy recommendations are proposed from two perspectives: systematically enhancing the effectiveness of environmental improvement to improve farmers' sense of environmental gain and rigorously implementing "transparent governance" to boost farmers' trust in the government. These measures aim to optimize rural environmental governance and elevate farmers' sense of happiness.