数字技术对农村居民生活垃圾分类行为的影响研究：基于数字素养视角

Research on the impact of digital technology on rural residents’ domestic waste classification behavior：From the perspective of digital literacy

关键词:  数字素养  数字技术  农村生活垃圾分类  中介效应

Key words:  digital literacy  digital technology  rural household waste classification  mediating effect

摘要:

【目的】 结合数字乡村与乡村振兴战略，基于数字素养视角，探究数字技术对农村居民生活垃圾分类行为的影响机制。【方法】 文章收集四川地区有效问卷357份调研问卷，构建理论模型，运用 SPSS 软件开展逐步回归分析，检验数字素养在数字技术与农村居民生活垃圾分类行为关系中的中介作用。【结果】 （1）数字技术使用对农村居民垃圾分类行为具有显著正向影响，推广农村数字技术应用可有效改善生活垃圾分类现状；（2）数字素养在二者关系中起部分中介作用，农村居民数字素养提升能显著促进垃圾分类参与，其中技能通用素养影响强度最高；（3）年龄、受教育程度等控制变量对农村居民垃圾分类意愿影响显著，具体表现为老年人因强社区归属感、低教育程度群体及高收入群体的垃圾分类意愿更强。（4）技能通用素养对垃圾分类影响最大，技能通用、信息评估是两大核心能力，培训应重点聚焦这两项。【结论】 一是依托数字技术优化信息传播，提升农村居民环保意识与垃圾分类行为；二是提升农村居民数字素养，强化数字技术应用能力；三是发挥老年居民示范作用，提高后代垃圾分类行为的意愿，同时稳步增加农村居民收入，降低垃圾分类成本。

Abstract:

[Purpose] By integrating the digital village initiative with the rural revitalization strategy and adopting a digital literacy perspective，this study examines the mechanisms through which digital technologies influence rural residents′ domestic waste sorting behaviors.[Method] A total of 357 survey questionnaires were collected from Sichuan Province. A theoretical model was constructed，and stepwise regression analysis was conducted using SPSS software to examine the mediating role of digital literacy in the relationship between digital technology and rural residents′ willingness to classify domestic waste.[Result] （1） Digital technology use had a significantly positive impact on rural residents′ waste classification behavior，and promoting digital technology applications in rural areas could effectively improve domestic waste classification. （2） Digital literacy played a partial mediating role in the above relationship；improving rural residents′ digital literacy significantly promoted their participation in waste classification，among which general skill literacy exerted the strongest effect. （3） Control variables such as age and education level significantly affected residents′ willingness to classify waste；specifically，the elderly （due to strong sense of community belonging），low-education groups，and high-income groups showed stronger willingness. （4） General skill literacy had the greatest impact on waste classification，and general skills and information evaluation were the two core competencies that should be prioritized in training.[Conclusion] First，leverage digital technology to optimize information dissemination，thereby enhancing rural residents′ environmental awareness and willingness to classify waste. Second，improve rural residents′ digital literacy and strengthen their digital technology application capabilities. Third，harness the exemplary role of elderly residents to enhance the younger generation′s waste classification willingness；meanwhile，steadily increase rural residents′ income to reduce the cost constraints associated with domestic waste classification.