甘肃红豆杉栽培区划研究

ANALYSIS OF SUITABLE CULTIVATION AREA OF TAXUS IN GANSU

关键词:  甘肃 红豆杉 灰色聚类分析 栽培区划

Key words:  Gansu province  Taxus  grey cluster analysis  growing area division

摘要:

红豆杉因其良好的药用、观赏等综合利用价值，近20年来在国内得到了快速的发展。甘肃省境内以小陇山林区为主，有自然分布种中国豆杉（Taxus chinensis）和近年引进栽培的少量曼地亚红豆杉（Taxus media）两种，由于甘肃境内气候复杂多样，为了避免盲目栽培造成损失，该文在筛选中国红豆杉与曼地亚红豆杉适生环境指标的基础上，采用灰色聚类分析法将甘肃境内地域区划为适宜区、基本适宜区与不适宜区3类。在区划分析的基础上，配合区域气象资料，确定了栽培最适宜气象因子指标，即年均温≥1214℃、年平均相对湿度≥678%、年平均降水量≥55114mm、年平均日照180409小时左右、平均无霜期≥2104天、年绝对低温≥-189℃、年绝对最高温≤386℃，并提出了海拔指标建议，为红豆杉引种栽培及规模化发展提供指导。

Abstract:

Taxus in China has been developed rapidly in recent 20 years due to its good medicinal value, ornamental value, and so on. There are two species in Gansu province, Taxus chinensis, distributed naturally, and Taxus media, introduced in recent years. Because of diverse geography and climate in Gansu, in order to avoid loss caused by blind cultivation this paper selected suitable environment indexes for the two Taxus species in Gansu, and divided the suitable cultivation areas into suitable, basal suitable and unsuitable cultivation areas by the method of grey cluster analysis. Based on the regionalization results and meteorological data, the most suitable meteorological indexes for two species cultivation were identified, ie., annual mean temperature≥1214℃, annual mean relative humidity ≥678%, annual mean rainfall≥ 55114mm, annual mean sunshine about 1 80409h, mean frost-free period ≥ 2104d, annual absolute minimum temperature ≥-189℃, annual absolute maximum temperature ≤386℃. The index of the altitude was also put forward. The research conclusions can provide guidance for cultivation and scale development of Taxus chinensis and Taxus media.