农户劳动力资源特征及其影响分析——以重庆武隆4个村为例

THE FACTORS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF LABOR RESOURCES IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS——A CASE STUDY OF FOUR VILLAGES IN WULONG COUNTY，CHONGQING

关键词:  劳动力资源 熵权法 灰色关联分析 武隆

Key words:  labor resources  entropy weight method  grey relational analysis  Wulong

摘要:

［目的］基于村级尺度从农户自身出发探究影响山区劳动力自身特征的因素，以期为充分利用山区劳动力资源进而提高农业收益提供科学参考。［方法］以重庆市武隆县4个村部分村民为调查对象，通过调查有关劳动力的年龄、数量、文化程度、身体状况、家庭收入等数据，应用熵权法结合灰色关联法分析影响劳动力资源配置的因素。［结果］由于目前工业化、城镇化、农业现代化的推进，理性农户不单单是考虑农业活动带来的收益，他们更多考虑的是选择从事非农活动所带来的收益。这样一方面促进了工业化和城镇化的快速发展，另一方面使得土地资源与劳动力资源得到了充分的利用，就模型结果来看，文化程度、年龄对于劳动力来说影响是最大的，该地区劳动力受教育程度比较低，但是调查统计得知文化程度相对较高的劳动力会从政、或者选择从事非农活动。［结论］影响劳动力资源自身特征因素重要程度由大到小依次为劳动力者文化程度、年龄、劳动力人数、劳动力身体状况。

Abstract:

This paper explored the factors affecting the labor force in the mountain areas in order to provide a scientific reference to increase agricultural income by making full use of the mountainous area labor resources.Takingthe four villages of Wulong county as an example, based on the investigation on age, quantity, degree of culture, health, and the family income of labor forces, it analyzed the influencing factors on allocation of labor resources using entropy method combined with grey correlation method. The results showed that with the development of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, the rational peasant household not only considered the benefits of agricultural activities, but also the benefits engaged in non-agricultural activities.On the one hand,it promoted the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, on the other hand,it made full use of land resources and labor resources.From the results of the model, the cultural degree and age had the greatest influence in labor force because the education degree was lowerin this region. The survey statistics showed that the relatively high cultural level labor had engaged in non-agricultural activities such as politics.The research results can provide scientific reference to further improve the agricultural income and enhance the efficiency in the allocation of labor resources.