乌蒙山片区绿色减贫指数分析

ANALYSIS OF GREEN POVERTY REDUCTION INDEX IN WUMENG MOUNTAIN AREAS

关键词:  绿色减贫指数乌蒙山片区线性加权综合法贫困类型现状

Key words:  Green Poverty Reduction Index  Wumeng mountain area  linear weighted synthesis method  poverty type  status

摘要:

［目的］通过分析2012年和2014年乌蒙山片区绿色减贫指数，评价该地区不同年份扶贫效果，这也为今后各项扶贫政策的实施提供理论参考。［方法］文章依据中国绿色减贫指数指标体系，从经济增长绿化度、资源利用与环境保护程度、社会发展能力和扶贫开发与减贫效果4个方面，以人均地区生产总值、单位地区生产总值能耗等27个因子作为评价指标，利用线性加权综合法分析2012年和2014年经济增长绿化度、资源利用与环境保护程度、社会发展能力和扶贫开发与减贫效果指标值，最终确定绿色减贫指数。同时，分析片区内各贫困县波动较大的第三产业增加值比重、单位耕地面积化肥施用量、城乡收入比和农村人均纯收入增长率等指标。［结果］2014年相比2012年，乌蒙山片区经济增长绿化度、资源利用与环境保护程度和扶贫开发与减贫效果指标值上升，社会发展能力指标值降低，绿色减贫指数提高了1540%。各县第三产业比重均降低，但农村人均纯收入都有提高。四川省10个县单位耕地面积化肥施用量增加。四川省除叙永县和美姑县，贵州省除赤水市，片区内的各贫困县城乡收入比降低。［结论］2014年，乌蒙山区在落实国家扶贫规划上取得了较好的成效。但各县之间差距较大，在今后的扶贫攻坚中，需要从不同地区的实际情况出发，了解贫困类型和贫困程度，考察当地资源储备和环境现状，统筹区域发展。

Abstract:

By analyzing Green Poverty Reduction Indexes of the Wumeng Mountain Area in 2012 and 2014, and evaluating the effect of poverty alleviation in different years in the region, it provides a theoretical reference for the implementation of various poverty alleviation policies in the future. This article is based on the China Green Poverty Index System, from the aspects of green degree of economic growth, degree of resource utilization and environmental protection, social development capacity, development-oriented poverty reduction and its effects, used 27 factors such as GDP per capita, consumption per areas evaluation indicators and the linear weighted synthesis method to analyze the green degree of economic growth, degree of resource utilization and environmental protection, social development capacity, development-oriented poverty reduction and its effects index values in 2012 and 2014, and eventually green poverty reduction index was determined. At the same time, analyze the proportion of tertiary industry added value, the amount of chemical fertilizer applied per unit of cultivated land, the income ratio of urban and rural residents, and the per capita net income growth rate of rural residents in poverty-stricken counties in the area. Compared with 2012, in 2014, the green degree of economic growth, degree of resources utilization, environmental protection, development-oriented poverty reduction and its effects in the Wumeng mountain area increased, but the index of social development capacity decreased, and the Green Poverty Reduction Index increased by 2062%. The proportion of the tertiary industry in all counties has decreased, but the rural per capita net income has increased. The amount of fertilizer applied to farmland in 10 counties in Sichuan province has increased. Except for Xuyong county and Meigu county in Sichuan province and Guizhou province in Chishui city, the income ratio of urban to rural areas in poor counties in the area was reduced. In 2014, implementing the national poverty alleviation plan worked out very well in Wumeng mountain area. However, there is a big difference among the counties. In the future, poverty alleviation needs base on the local conditions in different regions, understand the types of poverty and poverty degree, investigate the local resources reserves and environmental status, and coordinated regional development.