基于生态安全格局的城乡生态空间布局与优化*——以宣城市为例

URBAN AND RURAL ECOLOGICAL SPACE LAYOUT AND OPTIMIZATION BASED ON ECOLOGICAL SECURITY PATTERN*——TAKING XUANCHENG CITY AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  生态安全格局城乡生态空间阻力模型布局优化宣城市

Key words:  ecological security pattern  urban and rural ecological space  resistance model  optimize layout  Xuancheng city

摘要:

［目的］构建生态安全格局、优化城乡生态空间布局，对提升生态环境承载力、促进生态与经济协调发展具有重要作用。［方法］以宣城市为例，基于ArcGIS的空间叠加技术，通过生态系统服务价值评价识别主要生态源地，并采用最小累计阻力模型（MAC）选取生态战略点及生态廊道分布，构建出生态安全格局，进而对宣城市城乡生态空间布局进行优化。［结果］（1）生态极重要和高度重要区域面积为91878km2，占全区面积的3553%； (2)生态源地的总面积为97883km2，占全区面积的3785%； (3)选取的生态廊道多呈现出南北向的连接走向分布，但两点之间相互连接的空间网络化程度较低，且构建出生态高与较高安全区面积为92170km2，占宣城市区面积比重为3565%； (4)优化并形成“绿核+水廊+绿廊”多层次、网络化的宣城市城乡生态空间结构，并进一步优化空间布局。［结论］可为构建生态安全格局、保障城市生态安全、优化城乡生态空间布局提供科学参考。

Abstract:

To construct an ecological security pattern and optimize the layout of urban and rural ecological space, which plays an important role in improving the ecological environment carrying capacity and promoting the coordinated development of ecology and economy. Taking Xuancheng city as an example, this research used the spatial superposition technology of ArcGIS to identify the main ecological source through the evaluation of ecosystem service value. And moreover, it selected the ecological strategy point and ecological corridor distribution by the minimum cumulative resistance model (MAC). In addition, it constructed a safety pattern and optimized the layout of urban and rural ecological space in Xuancheng City. The major results are showed as follows. First, the area of extremely important and highly important areas of ecology is 918.78km2, accounting for 35.53% of the total area. Second, the total area of ecological source land is 978.83km2, accounting for 37.85% of the total area. Third, the selected ecological corridors shows a north south connection trend distribution, but the interconnected space between the two points is less networked, and the ecologically high and high security area is 921.70km2, accounting for 35.65% of Xuancheng district. Finally, optimize and form a multi level, networked Xuancheng urban and rural ecological space structure of "Green Core + Water Gallery + Corridor" and further optimize the spatial layout. This research can provide scientific reference for constructing ecological security pattern, ensuring urban ecological security, and optimizing urban and rural ecological space layout.