京津冀农村地区传统生物质能源消费及其影响因素研究*——以薪柴和秸秆为例

STUDY ON TRADITIONAL CONSUMPTION ON BIOMASS ENERGY IN RURAL AREA OF BEIJING TIANJIN HEBEI REGION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS*——EVIDENCE FROM FIREWOOD AND STRAW

关键词:  生物质能源京津冀能源消费环境问题Probit模型

Key words:  biomass energy  Beijing Tianjin Hebei  energy consumption  environmental problems  Probit model

摘要:

［目的］农村地区能源消费是我国能源战略的重要组成部分，农村能源利用不仅关系到能源消费，而且关系到环境保护和“三农问题”。近年来，京津冀地区出现了较为严重的环境问题，这严重影响了该地区的可持续发展。［方法］以京津冀农村地区家庭微观数据为样本，从消费者视角探究影响薪柴和秸秆两类传统生物质能在农村家庭消费的因素。［结果］在地区特征和家庭特征两类考察变量中，前者对京津冀农村地区家庭的薪柴和秸秆两类传统生物质能源的消费影响较为显著，而后者的影响次之。这意味着需要更加重视该地区的社会系统性影响。［结论］在现有节能减排政策实施的背景下，要改变京津冀农村地区家庭农村能源使用结构，一方面，需要加强基础设施建设，改善交通条件，以降低能源获得成本； 另一方面，要提高农村家庭收入，如建立清洁生物质能反馈补贴等措施，从而改善家庭收支状况。

Abstract:

Consumption on energy in rural area plays an important role in China′s energy strategy, the energy utilization in rural area is not only highly correlated to the consumption on energy, but also related to environmental protection and the "three dimensional issues" in China. In recent years, environmental problems arise in Beijing Tianjin Hebei area which restricts the local development of sustainability. From the perspective on consumers, this paper is to use the family survey micro data from Beijing Tianjin Hebei area and investigates the influencing factors of consumption on biomass, such as firewood and straw. The results showed the differences between the characteristics of area and family, which affecting the consumption of firewood and straw in rural area of Beijing Tianjin Hebei, the effect from the former factor was significant relative to the latter one. This implied that the systematical impact in local area should be taken more consideration. As a result, on the basis of current policy of energy conservation and emission reduction, it is expected to adjust the family consumption structure of energy in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei rural area. It should improve the infrastructure construction and local transportation conditions to reduce the cost of energy acquisition; on the other hand, it should raise the household income in rural areas by launching programs such as cleaning energy compensation.