基于比较优势理论的甘肃省主要畜产品生产区域结构研究

STUDY ON THE REGIONAL STRUCTURE OF MAIN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS BASED ON COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE THEORY IN GANSU PROVINCE

关键词:  资源禀赋指数法综合比较优势指数法区域结构畜产品甘肃省

Key words:  resource endowment index  comprehensive comparative advantage index  regional structure  livestock products  Gansu province

摘要:

［目的］为了科学评价甘肃省主要畜产品比较优势，优化产业布局。［方法］文章运用资源禀赋指数法和综合比较优势指数法，对甘肃省主要畜产品牛肉、羊肉、猪肉、禽肉和牛奶的比较优势进行了分析。［结果］平凉市、甘南州、庆阳市、临夏州和张掖市肉牛生产具有综合比较优势； 临夏州、张掖市、武威市、酒泉市和白银市羊生产具有综合比较优势； 甘南州、张掖市、临夏州、金昌市和酒泉市牛奶生产具有综合比较优势； 定西市、陇南市、天水市、白银市和武威市生猪生产具有综合比较优势； 酒泉市、张掖市、白银市和天水市家禽生产具有综合比较优势。［结论］（1）甘肃省目前主要畜产品生产布局基本符合比较优势原则，各优势产区可依托资源、技术集聚要素，使区域内畜牧业资源得到最优配置，提高畜产品竞争力，实现区域化、专业化生产，充分发挥特色品牌优势，积极走好产业化之路。（2）甘南藏族自治州和临夏回族自治州发展草食畜产品具有绝对的资源优势，应充分结合区域自然、气候、草原、牲畜等资源禀赋，实现产业的科学合理布局，以龙头企业为引领，努力打造民族特色牛羊肉品牌，促进畜牧产业跨越式发展，带动少数民族贫困区农牧民增收脱贫。

Abstract:

In order to scientifically evaluate comparative advantage of main livestock products of beef, mutton, pork, poultry and milk and optimize industrial layout in Gansu province, this paper calculated comprehensive comparative advantage of main livestock products based on resource endowment index and comprehensive comparative advantage index methods. The results were showed as follows. Pingliang , Gannan, Qingyang,Linxia and Zhangye had the significant resource endowment advantage and comprehensive comparative advantage in beef production. Linxia, Zhangye, Wuwei, Jiuquan and Baiyin had the significant resource endowment advantage and comprehensive comparative advantage in mutton production. Gannan, Zhangye, Linxia, Jinchang and Jiuquan had the significant resource endowment advantage and comprehensive comparative advantage in milk production. And Dingxi, Longnan, Tianshui, Baiyin and Wuwei had the significant resource endowment advantage and comprehensive comparative advantage in pork production. Jiuquan, Zhangye, Baiyin and Tianshui had the significant resource endowment advantage and comprehensive comparative advantage in poultry production. The layout of Gansu′s main livestock products are basically in line with the principle of comparative advantages. It suggests that relying on resource and technique factors, the advantageous regions can optimize resource allocation and enhance competitive advantage of livestock products to realize regional and specialized production. Also, it puts forward making use of advantages of featured brands and taking the road of industrialization. Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture have absolute resource advantage in grazing animal husbandry industry production. Fully combining with resource endowment of regional nature, climate, grassland and livestock, this two Autonomous Prefecture can realize the scientific and rational distribution of industry and build the brand of beef and mutton with national characteristics leading by leading enterprises, to promote the great leap forward development of livestock industry and drive farmers and herdsmen to increase their income and lift them out of poverty in minority poverty areas.