秦巴山区农村贫困化地域分异及其影响因素*——以四川省仪陇县为例

REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF RURAL POVERTY IN QINBA MOUNTAIN AREA AND IT′S INFLUENCING FACTORS*——A CASE STUDY OF YILONG COUNTY IN SICHUAN PROVINCE

关键词:  影响因素地域分异地理探测器精准扶贫仪陇县

Key words:  influencing factors  regional differentiation  the geographical detector  targeted poverty alleviation  Yilong county

摘要:

［目的］文章以四川省贫困县仪陇为研究对象，通过空间自相关分析和GIS空间表达，揭示了仪陇贫困化空间格局和空间分布特征，提出相应的对策措施。［方法］运用地理探测器模型等对仪陇县贫困化影响因素进行探测分析，分析得出影响仪陇县贫困的主导因素，划分出不同贫困化地域类型。［结果］仪陇县贫困化空间分布呈现一定的集聚特征，并存在贫困发生率高值热点区和低值冷点区； 海拔、到县城中心距离、粮食总产量、少数民族人口占比、大病保险人数占比、危房改造占比6个要素为制约仪陇县贫困化地域分异的主导因素； 不同因素共同交互作用于贫困发生率时，影响效应大于单一因素； 仪陇县存在自然环境制约型、地理区位制约型、经济条件制约型和社会要素制约型4种贫困化地域类型。［结论］仪陇县贫困化地域分异机制受多种因素影响，健全各项扶贫工作保障机制，统筹各项工作安排，科学、因地制宜地精准施策。

Abstract:

Taking Yilong, one of poverty counties in Sichuan province, China as the research object, this research reveals the spatial pattern and spatial distribution characteristics of impoverishment in Yilong, and proposes corresponding countermeasures based on the spatial autocorrelation analysis and GIS spatial expression. The research used the geographical detector model to detect and analyze the influencing factors of pauperization in Yilong county, and analyzed the leading factors affecting poverty in Yilong county, and divided different types of pauperization region. It was found that the spatial distribution of impoverishment in Yilong county showed some certain agglomeration characteristics, and there were high value hotspots and low value cold spots in poverty incidence. The elevation, the distance to the center of the county, the total grain output, the proportion of minority population, the proportion of major illness insurance, and the proportion of dangerous housing renovation were the main six factors that restricted the differentiation of impoverished areas in Yilong county. When different factors interacted with each other in the poverty incidence, the effect was greater than that of a single factor. There were four types of poverty oriented regions in Yilong county, namely, natural environment restriction, geographical location restriction, economic condition restriction and social factor restriction. It is concluded that the comprehensive action of various factors leads to the formation of regional differentiation mechanism of poverty in Yilong county. Efforts should be made to improve the guarantee mechanisms for poverty alleviation work, to ensure that all work arrangements are coordinated, and to implement policies scientifically and accurately according to local conditions in the future.