欠发达农区农村居民点内部用地结构演变研究

RESEARCH ON THE EVOLUTION OF LAND USE STRUCTURE OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN UNDERDEVELOPED ARICULTURAL AREAS

关键词:  农村居民点土地利用结构演变欠发达农区铺前村

Key words:  rural settlements  land use  structure evolution  underdeveloped agricultural areas  Puqian village

摘要:

［目的］从农村居民点内部用地结构演变视角，探索中国快速工业化和城镇化进程中的欠发达农区土地利用转型。［方法］以江西省吉安县凤凰镇铺前村为研究区，采用参与式农村评估、GIS与遥感影像相结合的方法复原了1986年、1996年、2006年和2016年农村居民点内部土地利用状况，揭示了农村居民点内部用地数量结构、空间结构和功能结构演变特征。［结果］30年来铺前村农村居民点用地规模先后经历了快速扩张、加速扩张及缓慢扩张3个阶段，用地类型以住宅用地为主，同时出现了一定的多元化发展趋势； 农村居民点内部用地空间结构先后呈现蔓延扩张、跳跃式扩张、填隙式扩张模式发展特征； 农村居民点内部用地的功能结构演变特征是农业生产功能逐渐弱化，出现微弱的非农生产功能，生活功能虽然经历稳定弱化和加速弱化过程，但是仍是主导功能，生态功能在中后期因内部用地竞争而明显弱化。［结论］通过系统的研究，揭示了30年来铺前村农村居民点内部土地利用结构演变特征，为优化农村土地利用，促进乡村振兴发展提供参考。

Abstract:

This study aims to explore the transformation of land use in underdeveloped agricultural areas during the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization in China from the perspective of the evolution of the internal land use structure of rural settlements. The historical land use status of rural settlements in 1986, 1996, 2006, and 2016 of Puqian village, Fenghuang town, Ji′an county, Jiangxi Province were restored by using the method of PRA and a combination method of GIS and remote sensing images to discover the evolution characteristics of the quantity structure, spatial structure and functional structure of internal land use in rural settlements. The research findings showed that, in the past 30 years, the scale of rural residential land in Puqian village had experienced three stages of rapid expansion, accelerated expansion and slow expansion. The land type of the village was mainly residential land, and there was a certain diversified development trend. The internal land use spatial structure of rural settlements had the characteristics of spreading expansion, jumping expansion, and interstitial expansion. The evolution feature of the internal land use function structure of rural settlements was that the agricultural production function gradually weakened, and the weak non agricultural production function appeared. Although the life function had undergone a process of stable weakening and accelerated weakening, it was still the dominant function. The ecological function was obviously weakened in the middle and late stages due to internal land competition. Through systematic research, this paper reveals the structural evolution characteristics of land use in rural settlements in Puqian village over the past 30 years, and provides reference for optimizing rural land use and promoting rural revitalization and development.