美丽乡村背景下浙江省乡村聚落空间特征及格局优化研究*——以浙江省为例

SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PATTERN OPTIMIZATION OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS UNDER THE PERSPECTIVE OF "BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY"* ——A CASE STUDY OF ZHEJIANG

关键词:  乡村聚落  空间特征  格局优化  美丽乡村  浙江省

Key words:  rural settlements  spatial characteristics  pattern optimization  beautiful country  Zhejiang province

摘要:

目的 科学辨识乡村聚落空间格局及其格局优化路径，对于乡村聚落空间结构建设具有重要意义。方法 文章运用数理统计分析方法对浙江省各地市乡村聚落空间特征进行探讨，并基于地理空间分析方法对乡村聚落格局进行优化。结果 浙江省各地市乡村聚落数量较低，聚落面积均较低，浙江省乡村聚落分布均较为集聚，离散程度较低。浙江省各地市平均斑块面积较大，乡村聚落斑块面积差别较小，整体破碎化程度较低，聚落布局较为合理、规则。基于美丽乡村视角，将浙江省乡村聚落格局优化分为城镇转化型、重点发展型、保留发展型、迁移废弃型等4种类型，其中，城镇转化型优化思路主要是将聚落逐渐纳入城镇管理体系。重点发展型优化思路是逐步完善其基础及公共服务设施建设。保留发展型优化思路是通过聚落用地整治建设内部挖潜来调整布局，提升聚落用地集约利用水平。迁移废弃型优化布局思路为采用一次性或分期搬迁的策略，将聚落整体迁移至周边或就近中心城镇或中心聚落。结论 通过对浙江省乡村聚落进行格局优化，可以为聚落空间重构建设提供参考。

Abstract:

Scientific identification of the spatial pattern of rural settlements and the optimization path of its pattern are of great significance for promoting settlement space reconstruction. The mathematical characteristics of rural settlements in Zhejiang province were discussed by using mathematical statistics analysis method, and the rural settlement pattern was optimized based on geospatial analysis. The results were indicated as follows. The number of rural settlements in the cities of Zhejiang province was relatively low, and the settlement area was low. The distribution of rural settlements in Zhejiang province was relatively concentrated and the degree of dispersion was low. The average plaque area of the cities in Zhejiang province was relatively large, the difference of the area of rural settlement plaque was small, the overall fragmentation degree was low, and the settlement layout was more reasonable and regular. Based on the beautiful rural perspective, the optimization of rural settlements in Zhejiang province was divided into four types, urban transformation, key development, retention development, and migration and abandonment. Among them, the urban transformation optimization idea was mainly to gradually integrate the settlement into the urban management system. The key development-oriented optimization idea was to gradually improve its foundation and construction of public service facilities. The development-oriented optimization idea was to adjust the layout through the settlement of land for settlement and to improve the intensive utilization level of settlement land. The idea of migrating the abandoned optimization layout was to adopt a one-time or phased relocation strategy to migrate the entire settlement to the surrounding or nearby central town or center. In summary, by optimizing the pattern of rural settlements in Zhejiang province, it can provide reference for settlement space reconstruction.