我国大规模生猪养殖全要素生产率的动态演进及区域差异研究

DYNAMIC EVOLUTION AND REGIONAL DIFFERENCES OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY IN LARGE-SCALE PIG BREEDIN IN CHINA

关键词:  大规模生猪养殖  DEA-Malmquist  核密度估计  区域差异  累积TFP

Key words:  large-scale pig breeding  DEA-Malmquist  Kernel  regional difference  cumulative TFP

摘要:

目的 随着我国大规模生猪养殖专业户和商品猪场数量比例逐年增加，对我国大规模生猪养殖全要素生产率进行分析，找出其提高方法，有利于推动我国大规模生猪养殖现代化进程。方法 文章运用DEA-Malmquist指数和Kernel核密度估计以我国29个省（市、自治区）（除去西藏、宁夏）为研究对象，对2008—2017年我国大规模生猪养殖全要素生产率动态演进及区域差异进行分析。结果 从整体层面分析，2008—2017年以来我国29个省（市、自治区）大规模生猪养殖全要素生产率整体平均TFP指数为0.995，年均下降0.5%，主要制约因素是技术进步缓慢，但两极分化情况得到有效控制；从区域层面分析，仅有重点发展区TFP上升，其余3个区域均有不同程度下降，其中除适度发展区其余两极分化情况得到有效控制。结论 从整体层面要提升生猪产业整体科研创新能力，提高大规模生猪养殖高新技术的应用效率以及管理效率；从区域层面要针对不同区域资源禀赋、环境承载能力等因素实施差异化政策。

Abstract:

With the increasing proportion of large-scale pig breeding professional households and commercial pig farms in China, the analysis of the total factor productivity of large-scale pig breeding in China and the improvement of its methods are conducive to the modernization of large-scale pig breeding in China. Using DEA-Malmquist index and Kernel kernel density estimation, 29 provinces (cities, autonomous regions)(excluding Tibet and Ningxia) were selected as the research objects, and the dynamic evolution and regional differences of total factor productivity of large-scale pig breeding in China from 2008 to 2017 were analyzed. From the overall analysis, the overall average TFP index of total factor productivity of large-scale pig breeding in 29 provinces(cities, autonomous regions) in China from 2008 to 2017 was 0.995, with an average annual decline of 0.5%. The main constraint was the slow progress of technology, but the polarization was effectively controlled. From the regional level analysis, only the TFP of the key development zones had risen, and the other three regions had declined to varying degrees. The remaining polarizations in the moderate development zones had been effectively controlled. So, from the overall level, it is necessary to improve the overall scientific research and innovation ability of the pig industry, improve the application efficiency and management efficiency of large-scale pig breeding high-tech; from the regional level, it should implement differentiated policies for different regional resource endowments and environmental carrying capacity.