土地因素对农村转移劳动力定居城镇意愿的影响研究基于川鄂苏黑4省调研数据

STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF LAND FACTORS ON THE WILLINGNESS OF RURAL TRANSFER LABORS TO SETTLE IN URBAN AREAS*——BASED ON RESEARCH DATA FROM THE PROVIENCES OF SICHUAN, HUBEI, JIANGSU AND HEILONGJIANG

关键词:  土地经济  农村转移劳动力  Logistic模型  定居城镇类型  区域比较

Key words:  land economy  rural migrant labors  Logistic model  settlement town type  regional comparison

摘要:

目的 通过探索土地因素对农村转移劳动力定居城镇意愿的影响，为农村转移劳动力摆脱土地束缚、顺利实现人口城镇化提供理论支持与实践参考。方法 文章基于川鄂苏黑4省农村转移劳动力调研数据，采用主成分分析与Logistic回归分析了土地因素对农村转移劳动力定居城镇意愿的影响效应。结果 （1）土地利用自由度越高，农村转移劳动力的定居意愿选择会倾向于异地城镇，在乡镇、县城、地级市还是省会城市的选择上也倾向于往更高一级的城镇定居；（2）农地功能的感知程度越强，农村转移劳动力在乡镇、县城、地级市还是省会城市的选择上，会倾向于选择更高一级的城镇；（3）土地流转会推动劳动力定居于异地城镇，且在乡镇、县城、地级市与省会城市选择上更青睐更高一级的城镇；（4）受土地调整影响，农村转移劳动力会倾向于选择定居异地城镇，在乡镇、县城、地级市或省会城市中也倾向于选择更高一级城镇；（5）相对江苏省，四川、湖北及黑龙江农村转移劳动力更倾向于定居异地城镇和高级别城镇。结论 农村土地是影响农村转移劳动力定居城镇意愿的重要因素，为解决土地因素对农村转移劳动力定居城镇意愿的束缚，政府应着重关注放活土地经营权、强化农村土地流转服务、鼓励新型经营主体等，同时政策的制定应因地制宜。

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical support and practical reference for the rural transfer labors to get rid of the land bondage and smoothly realize the urbanization of the population by exploring the influence of land factors on the willingness of rural transfer labors to settle in urban areas. Based on the survey data of rural transfer labors in Sichuan, Hubei, Jiangsu and Heilongjiang province, principal component analysis and logistic regression were employed to analyze the impact of land factors on the willingness of rural transfer laborers to settle in urban areas. The research revealed that: (1) The higher the degree of freedom of land use, the willingness of rural transfer labors to settle in urban areas would tend to choose to settle in out of the home county, and rural transfer labors would tend to settle in higher-level cities in the choice of township, county, prefecture-level city or provincial capital city; (2)The stronger the perception of agricultural land function, the rural transfer labors would tend to choose a higher-level cities in the choice of township, county, prefecture-level city or provincial capital city; (3) Land transfer would promote rural transfer labors to settle in out of home county, and rural transfer labors preferred to settle in relatively higher-level cities in the choice of township, county, prefecture-level city and provincial capital city; (4) Due to the effect of land adjustment, rural transfer laborers tended to choose to settle in out of home county, and rural transfer labors more tended to choose relatively higher-level cities in the choice of township, county, prefecture-level city or provincial capital city; (5) The rural transfer labors in Sichuan, Hubei, and Heilongjiang was more inclined to settle in out of the home county and relatively higher-level cities in the choice of township, county, prefecture-level city or provincial capital city than that of Jiangsu province. In summary, rural land is an important factor affecting the willingness of rural transfer labors to settle in urban areas. In order to solve the constraints of land factors on the selection of settled town types in rural transfer labors, government should focus on issues such as decommissioning land management rights, strengthening rural land transfer services, and encouraging new business entities. In the policy formulation process, attention should also be paid to local conditions.