基于耕地发展权价值的内蒙古耕地数量、质量、生态三位一体保护研究

RESEARCH ON THE TRINITY PROTECTION OF THE QUANTITY, QUALITY AND ECOLOGY OF CULTIVATED LAND IN INNER MONGOLIA BASED ON THE VALUE OF CULTIVATED LAND DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS

关键词:  耕地发展权  价值测算  耕地质量  三位一体保护  内蒙古自治区

Key words:  cultivated land development right  value calculation  cultivated land quality  trinity protection  Inner Mongolia Autonomous region

摘要:

目的 基于耕地发展权价值的测算，探析内蒙古耕地保护机制。方法 文章通过对内蒙古自治区及其各盟市耕地发展权的测算，结合耕地数量、质量和生态服务价值等数，借助ArcGIS10.2软件、EXCEL软件分析三位一体耕地保护措施。结果 （1）2020年内蒙古自治区31.84%耕地面积满足区域粮食自给，粮食总盈余量为2 263.66万t，折算成盈余耕地面积为777.99万hm²，耕地保护机会成本损失为77.38万元/hm²，耕地发展权最高总价值为6.020 274万亿元。其中用来保障国家粮食安全的耕地面积占55.23%，折算耕地面积为5 113.72万hm²，耕地发展权价值为3 957.11亿元。（2）各盟市中呼和浩特市的耕地保护机会成本最高，为228.32万元/hm²，其次为鄂尔多斯市，172.87万元/hm²，最低是兴安盟，为21.83万元/hm²；国家粮食安全和耕地保护政策背景下，呼伦贝尔市耕地发展权价值最高，为412.52.亿元，其次是赤峰市、通辽市、鄂尔多斯市、向安盟和巴彦淖尔市，分别为317.57亿元、336.89亿元、250.10亿元、212.66和190.58亿元，最小正值为乌兰察布市，为23.92亿元；呼和浩特市、包头市、锡林郭勒盟、乌海市、阿拉善盟5盟市出现耕地赤字，耕地发展权价值测算为“负值”。结论 内蒙古各盟市耕地自给比例和粮食盈亏量差异较大，耕地机会成本和耕地发展权总价值变化大，这与内蒙古自治区耕地分布相对集中，自然资源禀赋和耕地生产力差异较大，以及经济发展和城镇化率不同是分不开的。最后结合各盟市耕地数量、质量、生态价值和耕地发展权价值综合分析并提出耕地三位一体保护措施。

Abstract:

Based on the calculation of the value of cultivated land development rights, this research is intends to explore the protection mechanism of cultivated land in Inner Mongolia. Through the calculation of cultivated land development rights in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and its leagues, combined with the quantity, quality and ecological service value of cultivated land, the three-in-one cultivated land protection measures were analyzed with the help of ArcGIS 10.2 software and EXCEL software. The results were listed as follows. In 2020, 31.84% of the cultivated land area in Inner Mongolia Autonomous region met regional food self-sufficiency. The total food surplus was 22.636 million tons, the converted surplus cultivated land area was 7.779 9 million hm², and the loss of opportunity cost of cultivated land protection was 773 800 yuan/hm², with the highest cultivated land development rights, and the total value was 6 020.274 billion yuan. Among them, the area of cultivated land used to ensure national food security accounted for 55.23%, the converted cultivated land area was 51.137 2 million hm², and the value of cultivated land development rights was 395.711 billion yuan.Among all league cities, the opportunity cost of farmland protection in Hohhot was the highest at 2 283 200 yuan/hm², followed by Ordos city, at 1 228 700 yuan/hm², and the lowest is Xing’an League, at 218 300 yuan/hm²; national food security and farmland protection policies Under the background,Hulunbuir city has the highest value of cultivated land development rights at 41.252 billion yuan, followed by Chifeng city, Tongliao city, Ordos city, Xiang'anmeng and Bayannaoer city with 31.757 billion yuan, 33.689 billion yuan and 25.010 billion yuan. 212.66 billion and 19.058 billion yuan, the smallest positive value is Ulan Qab city, which is 2.392 billion yuan; the five league cities of Hohhot, Baotou, XilinGol League, Wuhai city, and Alxa League had arable land deficits, and the value of arable land development rights was estimated as "Negative value". In summary, there are large differences in the self-sufficiency ratio of cultivated land and the amount of food surplus and loss in the various leagues of Inner Mongolia, and the opportunity cost of cultivated land and the total value of cultivated land development rights have changed greatly. This is relatively concentrated in the distribution of cultivated land in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the natural resource endowment and cultivated land productivity are quite different. And the difference between economic development and urbanization rates is inseparable. Finally, combined with the comprehensive analysis of the quantity, quality, ecological value and value of cultivated land development rights of the cultivated land in each league city, the trinity protection measures of cultivated land are proposed.