基于村级尺度的重庆荣昌区村庄发展潜能评价与类型划分

EVALUATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL FROM THE VILLAGE LEVEL IN RONGCHANG DISTRICT OF CHONGQING MUNICIPALITY

关键词:  乡村振兴  村庄  发展潜能  类型划分  差别化

Key words:  rural revitalization  villages  development potential  classification of types  differentiation

摘要:

目的 村庄是落实乡村振兴战略的细胞单元，厘清村庄发展潜能，科学划分村庄发展类型，是乡村振兴战略差别化精准施策的基础。方法 文章基于乡村振兴“产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕”5个维度，科学选取评价指标，构建村庄发展潜能评价体系，并以课题组于2018年对重庆市荣昌区133个村庄开展的乡村振兴专项调查研究结果为基础，开展了村庄发展潜能评价和类型划分。结果 （1）受地域人口、土地、产业等综因合素影响，荣昌区村庄发展潜能总体呈现“西北弱、东南强”的空间分异性。村庄空间发展集聚潜能已形成以城区为中心向乡村区域由高值向低值呈圈层逐级递减的区间分布态势；（2）基于乡村振兴村庄发展潜能评价，将研究区案例村庄划分为产居引领、资源提整、极化辐射3种不同的发展类型，并辅以相应的差别化发展策略或路径。结论 契合乡村振兴目标，结合村庄资源禀赋和发展潜能，划分村庄发展类型，差别化实施乡村振兴策略，对科学全面实施乡村振兴战略具有重要的意义。

Abstract:

Villages are the basic cell units for the rural revitalization strategy. The assessment of village development potential and classification of village development types provide references for the differentiated and precise implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. Based on the five dimensions of rural revitalization, namely “industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance, and affluent life”, this study selected several indicators to construct an evaluation system for assessing village development potential. Based on the investigated results in 133 villages in Rongchang district, Chongqing, this study conducted the evaluation and type classification of village development potential. The results of the study showed that: (1) Affected by multiple factors such as regional population, land, and industry, the village development potential in Rongchang district generally presented a spatial differentiation of "weak potential in the northwest and strong potential in the southeast". The potential of agglomeration for the spatial development of villages gradually decreased from high-value in the urban center to low ones in the rural areas, forming a concentric spatial pattern; (2) Based on the evaluation of village revitalization potential, all the villages were divided into three types, namely production and housing dominated development, resource upgrading development, and polarized radiation development. The three types should be dealt with by differentiated development strategies or paths. In summary, based on the consideration of rural revitalization goals, village resource endowment and development potential, and village development types, this study argues that implementing differentiated rural revitalization strategies are of great significance for the scientific and comprehensive implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.