安徽省茶叶生产时空集聚演变及驱动因素研究

RESEARCH ON SPATIAL-TEMPORAL AGGLOMERATION EVOLUTION AND DRIVING FACTORS OF TEA PRODUCTION IN ANHUI PROVINCE*

关键词:  茶叶  时空  集聚  驱动因素  安徽省

Key words:  tea  spatial-temporal  agglomeration  driving factors  Anhui province

摘要:

目的 探明茶叶区域格局演变特征，对优化安徽省茶园空间布局意义重大。方法 文章基于空间分析手段和县域统计信息，定量探究1998—2019年安徽省53个县区茶叶生产格局变迁规律，并对演变驱动因素进行了分析。结果 （1）安徽省茶园种植区域向皖西、皖南空间集聚不断增强。安徽省茶园种植主要分布在两大热点区域：以歙县、黄山市辖区为核心的皖南地区，以霍山县、岳西县为核心的皖西地区。（2）茶叶生产格局由“单核心”向“双核心＋周围小中心”的集聚模式转变。（3）标准差椭圆分析表明，安徽省茶园沿NW-NE方向展布，椭圆扁率由1998年的0.46增加至2019年的0.54，椭圆中心逐步向西北方向迁移。结论 安徽省茶园时空格局集聚及演变的驱动因素趋于多元化。自然资源是区域茶园生产变动的首要因子，政策因素是安徽省茶叶时空集聚的导向性因素，茶叶技术及茶园规模化建设是茶园扩张的推动力，茶叶市场、效益等外部性因子对茶园格局变迁发挥着日趋重要的影响。

Abstract:

In order to explore the evolution characteristics of tea regional pattern and optimize the spatial distribution of tea garden in Anhui province. Based on the spatial analysis method and county statistical information, this paper quantitatively explored the change law of tea production pattern in 53 counties of Anhui province from 1998 to 2019, and analyzed the evolution driving factors. Research were showed as follows. The tea planting areas in Anhui province were gathering more and more in the West and South of Anhui province. Tea plantations in Anhui province were mainly distributed in two hot areas: Southern Anhui with Huangshan city and She county as the core, and Western Anhui with Huoshan county and Yuexi county as the core. (2) The pattern of tea production changed from "single core" to "double core surrounding small center". (3) The standard deviation ellipse analysis showed that the tea gardens in Anhui province were distributed along the northwest southeast direction, the ellipticity increased from 0.46 in 1998 to 0.54 in 2019, and the center of the ellipse gradually moved to the northwest. Therefore, the driving factors of spatial-temporal pattern agglomeration and evolution of tea gardens in Anhui province tend to be diversified. Natural resources are the primary factor of regional tea production changes, policy factors are the guiding factors of tea spatial-temporal agglomeration in Anhui province, tea technology and tea garden scale construction are the driving force of tea garden expansion, tea market, benefits and other external factors play a greater impact on tea garden pattern changes.