基于最小阻力模型的村域土地资源优化利用布局研究——以栾川县三川镇部分村庄为例

OPTIMIZATION OF VILLAGE LAND-USE RESOURCES LAYOUT ON THE BASIS OF MCR MODEL*——A CASE STYDY OF SOME VILLAGES IN SANCHUAN TOWN, LUANCHUAN COUNTY

关键词:  土地资源  MCR模型  适宜性  格局优化  乡村

Key words:  land Resource  MCR model  suitability  optimization  rural area

摘要:

目的 通过对土地资源利用功能适宜性评价，结合土地利用现状分析，对乡村土地资源利用格局进行优化。方法 文章以栾川县三川镇部分村庄为例，构建土地资源生产、生活和生态功能分类指标体系，运用MCR模型对村域土地资源利用功能适宜性进行评价，通过分析土地资源利用现状与功能适宜性分区之间的冲突，制定相应的土地资源空间布局优化策略。结果 （1）根据MCR模型模拟结果，根据适宜性将研究区土地资源划分为生态保护区、限制开发区、后备开发区、优先开发区等4种类型分区；（2）根据土地利用现状与其适宜性之间的矛盾，可将生产功能区内碎片化的农用地、采矿用地和生活空间内零星建设用地优化为生态发展用地和对生态环境具有涵养作用的农业发展用地。优化后的生活用地面积减少了7.86hm²，工矿用地减少49.14hm²，生产用地中的农业用地增加20.11hm²，生态功能用地增加了36.89hm²，实现了农业生产用地集中连片、生活用地集约高效、生态用地充分保障的优化目标；（3）运用MCR模型模拟划定的土地资源分布格局呈现明显的圈层结构，并与当地的自然条件、区位条件相吻合，可为乡村规划和空间重构提供理论指导。结论 通过村域土地资源空间布局优化，实现乡村土地资源生产、生活和生态功能区协调有序，对推进乡村协调发展，落实乡村振兴战略具有重要意义。

Abstract:

This research is intended to optimize the pattern of village land-use resources by evaluating the functional suitability of land resources utilization and analyzing the current situation of land use. Taking some villages in Luanchuan county as study area, a classification index system of production, living and ecological functions of land resources was constructed, and MCR model was used to evaluate the functional suitability of village land-use resources. By analyzing the conflict between the current layout of land resources utilization and functional suitability zoning, the optimization strategies of land resources spatial layout were formulated. The main results were listed as follows. (1) According to the simulation results of MCR model, the land resources in the study area could be divided into four types, ecological protection zone, restricted development zone, reserve development zone and priority development zone. (2) According to the contradiction between the current layout of land use and the functional suitability zoning, the fragmented agricultural land, mining land and sporadic construction land in the production function area could be optimized into ecological development land or agricultural development land that had an ecological conservation effect. After optimization, the area of living function land decreased by 7.86hm², the agricultural land increased by 20.11hm², the industrial and mining land decreased by 49.14hm², and the ecological function land increased by 36.89hm², realizing the optimization goals of centralized and contiguous agricultural production land, intensive and efficient living land, and stabilization of ecological land. (3) The distribution pattern of land resources simulated by MCR model presented an obvious circle layer structure, which was consistent with local natural conditions and location conditions, and could provide theoretical guidance for rural planning and spatial reconstruction. Therefore, the optimization of village land-use resources layout has coordination of the production, living and ecological functional areas in rural land resources, which is of great significance to promoting the coordinated development of rural areas and implementing the rural revitalization strategy.