农作物秸秆综合利用政策保障研究——基于24个省61个县《农作物秸秆综合利用项目实施方案》的文本分析

STUDY ON POLICY GUARANTEE OF COMPREHENSIVE UTILIZATION OF CROP STRAW——TEXT ANALYSIS BASED ON THE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN OF CROP STRAW COMPREHENSIVE UTILIZATION PROJECT IN 61 COUNTIES OF 24 PROVINCES

关键词:  农作物秸秆综合利用  政策保障  共词分析  补贴

Key words:  comprehensive utilization of crop straw  policy guarantee  Co-word analysis  subsidy

摘要:

目的 为提高我国农作物秸秆综合利用水平，完善农作物秸秆综合利用政策保障体系，推动我国农业绿色发展，对我国当前农作物秸秆综合利用政策实施热点展开研究并提出完善对策。方法 文章通过选取近3年来我国24省61县农作物秸秆综合利用政策实施方案，基于内容分析法和共词分析法借助社会网络分析工具UCINET64.0，对我国当前农作物秸秆综合利用政策支持热点、支持对象、支持方式和支持水平进行量化分析和综合评价。结果 （1）当前农作物秸秆综合利用政策支持热点主要集中在技术培训、项目补助、收储运体系建设等方面；（2）当前政策支持对象主要是农户和提供秸秆综合利用服务的社会化服务组织，存在政策支持对象与政策实施对象主体错位问题；（3）当前政策支持方式以环境型政策工具为主，存在环境型政策工具过密、供给型政策工具运用缺乏创新和需求型政策工具运用不足的问题；（4）当前政策支持水平较低，存在政策支持清晰度低、操作性差、同质化强的问题。结论 为进一步提高我国农作物秸秆综合利用政策保障水平，从政策工具上应加快以环境型政策工具为主转向多种政策工具协调运用，从政策实施上应及时调整补贴项目与补贴主体的时序匹配关系。

Abstract:

In order to improve the comprehensive utilization level of crop straw in China, improve the policy guarantee system of comprehensive utilization of crop straw and promote the green development of agriculture in China, this paper studies the hot spots of the implementation of comprehensive utilization policy of crop straw in China and puts forward improvement countermeasures. By selecting the implementation plan of crop straw comprehensive utilization policy in 61 counties of 24 provinces in China in recent 3 years, and based on THE content analysis and Co-word analysis, with the help of social network analysis tool UCINET 64 0, this research conducted quantitative analysis and comprehensive evaluation on the current policy support hotspots, support objects, support methods and support levels of crop straw comprehensive utilization in China. The results were listed as follows. (1) At present, the hot spots of policy support for comprehensive utilization of crop straw mainly focused on technical training, project subsidy, construction of collection, storage and transportation system, etc. (2) At present, the policy support objects were mainly farmers and socialized service organizations providing straw comprehensive utilization services. There was a problem of dislocation between the policy support object and the policy implementation object.(3) The current policy support mode was mainly environmental policy tools, which had the problems of too dense environmental policy tools, lack of innovation in the use of supply-oriented policy tools and insufficient use of demand-oriented policy tools.(4) At present, the level of policy support was low, and there were some problems such as low definition, poor operability and strong homogenization of policy support. Therefore, in order to further improve the policy guarantee level of comprehensive utilization of crop straw in China, we should speed up the shift from environmental policy tools to the coordinated use of multiple policy tools, and timely adjust the timing matching relationship between subsidy items and subsidy subjects in policy implementation.