| 摘要: |
| 目的 依据农业生产的自然本底条件与国土利用现状，开展农业生产适宜性评价与承载规模测算研究，可为科学支撑国土空间规划编制提供理论参考。方法 文章依据资源环境承载能力与国土空间适宜性的基本评价导向，以辽中平原为例，通过分析农业生产的水、土、光热、环境质量、气象灾害、国土利用、生态保护等条件与风险，细化了农业生产适宜性与承载规模评价方法，并基于GIS空间分析开展了相应评价。结果 辽中平原农业生产适宜区、一般适宜区、不适宜区面积占比分别为48.1%、23.9%和28.0%。不适宜区主要受现状国土利用、坡度、土壤肥力、环境质量制约。不适宜区内分布有耕地、园地13.9万hm2，主要在平原北部的沈阳、铁岭、阜新等地。辽中平原农业生产承载规模约320.6万hm2，高出现状耕地规模约16%，整体上农业生产承载能力尚有盈余，但受水资源约束，盘锦、营口平原区域的农业生产规模超载。结论 为支撑区域国土空间规划、保障粮食生产安全，需加强辽中平原农业生产不适宜区内的耕地监管，开展周边土地及环境综合整治，必要时制定耕地调入调出方案，优化农业生产超载地区的水量调配方案及用水结构，大力推行农业节水灌溉。 |
| 关键词: 农业生产 适宜性评价 承载能力 国土空间规划 辽中平原 |
| DOI：10.7621/cjarrp.1005-9121.20230217 |
| 分类号:F323.1;X171.1 |
| 基金项目:中国地质调查局地质调查项目“全国空间规划试点区资源环境综合地质调查”（DD20190506）、“全国国土空间规划重点地区资源环境承载能力监测评价”（DD20221726）；国家自然科学基金“基于植被生态效应的荒漠化草原区地下水资源承载力阈值研究——以西辽河平原为例”（41702386） |
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| EVALUATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SUITABILITY FOR TERRITORY SPATIAL PLANNING——A CASE STUDY OF LIAOZHONG PLAIN |
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Liu Qiong1, Yang Nan1,2, Gao Mengmeng1, Li Xiaolei1, Wang Yi1, Zhi Erquan1, Zhang Xuhang3
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1.China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100081, China;2.Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, Hebei, China;3.School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the natural background conditions and the land use situation during agricultural production, the evaluation of agricultural production suitability and carrying capacity can provide scientific references for territory spatial planning. Following the guidelines for the evaluation of resources and environmental carrying capacity as well as the suitability of territory spatial development, and taking a case study of the Liaozhong Plain, this research measured the conditions of water, soil, heat, environmental quality, meteorological disaster and land-use situation during agricultural production, and combined with GIS spatial analysis, it refined the evaluation method of agricultural production suitability and carrying capacity. Results showed that within the Liaozhong Plain, the proportions of the agricultural production suitable zones, moderate suitable zones and unsuitable area accounted for 48.1%, 23.9%, and 28.0%, respectively. Among them, the unsuitable zones were mainly restricted by current conditions of land use, slope, soil fertility, and environmental quality, with roughly 139.3 thousand hm2 farmland distributed in the unsuitable zones of Shenyang, Tieling and Fuxin regions. The carrying capacity of agricultural production in the Liaozhong Plain comprised of approximately 3206.4 thousand hm2, that was 16% larger than the current total farmland area, which showing that there was still room for the carrying capacity of agricultural production in the region. However, the flat areas in the city of Panjin and Yingkou were overloaded due to constraints of water resources. To summary, in order to support regional spatial planning and food security, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of cultivated land in areas unsuitable for agricultural production in the Liaozhong Plain. It also proposes to carry out comprehensive environmental management and remediation of the nearby area. And the local government is suggested to make cultivated land adjustments to optimize water allocation and consumption structure, and to promote water-saving irrigation in the overloaded area. |
| Key words: agricultural production suitability evaluation carrying capacity territory spatial planning Liaozhong Plain |
