华北平原内陆盐碱区玉米品种资源耐盐性综合评价及分类

COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF MAIZE SALT TOLERANCE DURING GERMINATION IN THE INLAND SALINE-ALKALI REGION OF THE NORTH CHINA PLAIN

关键词:  玉米  品种资源  耐盐性  评价指标  加权隶属函数法

Key words:  maize  variety resources  salt tolerance  evaluation indicators  the weighted membership function method

摘要:

目的 华北平原内陆盐碱区是咸水补灌导致盐分积累限制玉米产能提升的典型区域，开展该区代表性玉米品种资源耐盐性评价和分类，为促进华北平原盐碱地以种适地科学利用提供理论和技术支撑。方法 文章选择华北平原内陆盐碱区生产中广泛应用的24个玉米品种，获取发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、胚芽长、胚芽重、胚根长、胚根重8个萌发指标，计算相对发芽率、相对发芽势、萌发指数、相对活力指数、相对胚芽长、相对胚芽重、相对胚根长、相对胚根重和盐害指数9项耐盐指标。并利用主成分分析法、加权隶属函数法和聚类分析法开展玉米品种资源耐盐性综合评价与分类。结果 （1）不同玉米品种对盐胁迫的响应有显著差异，其中萌发指标变异范围是5.11 %～84.33 %，耐盐指标的变异范围为3.7 %～56.3 %；（2）通过主成分分析方法将9个耐盐指标降维获得2个相互独立的玉米耐盐性综合评价指标，指标累计贡献率达到了87.35 %；（3）基于加权隶属函数法的各玉米品种耐盐性综合评价指数（D值）变化范围为3.19～16.22；（4）通过聚类分析，将华北平原内陆盐碱区玉米品种资源分为高耐盐品种、中耐盐品种、低耐盐品种和盐敏感品种等4个类型。结论 华北平原内陆盐碱区玉米品种资源耐盐性存在较大差异，基于主成分分析和加权隶属函数法的耐盐性综合评价指数（D值）是评价该区域玉米耐盐特性的有效指标，研究对于实现耐盐玉米品种与盐渍土壤适生匹配具有指导意义。

Abstract:

The inland saline-alkali region of the North China Plain is a typical region where salt accumulation due to brackish water recharge restricts the enhancement of maize production capacity, and this research is intended to carry out an evaluation and classification of salt tolerance of representative maize varietal resources in this region, so as to provide theoretical and technological support for the promotion of scientific utilization of saline-alkaline land in the North China Plain with the right species for the right place. Twenty-four maize varieties widely used in the production of inland saline-alkaline region of the North China Plain were selected to get eight germination indexes, including germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, germ length, germ weight, radicle length, radicle weight, etc., and the germination indexes were further used to calculate nine salt tolerance indexes, including relative germination rate, relative germination potential, germination index, relative vigor index, relative germ length, relative radicle weight, relative radicle length, relative radicle weight and salt damage index. Then the principal component analysis, weighted membership function method and cluster analysis was adopted to comprehensively evaluate and classify salt tolerance of maize varietal resources. The results were showed as follows. (1) There were significant differences in the response of different maize varieties to salt stress, among which the variation range of germination index was 5.11%~84.33%, and the variation range of salt tolerance index was 3.7%~56.3%. (2) Two independent comprehensive evaluation indicators of maize salt tolerance were obtained by reducing the dimensionality of 9 salt tolerance indexes through the principal component analysis method, and the cumulative contribution rate of the indicators reached 87.35%. (3) The comprehensive evaluation index (D value) of salt tolerance of each maize variety based on the weighted membership function method varied from 3.19~16.22. (4) By the cluster analysis, the resources of maize varieties in the inland saline-alkali region of the North China Plain were divided into four types: high salt tolerance varieties, medium salt tolerance varieties, low salt tolerance varieties and salt-sensitive varieties. In summary, the salt tolerance of maize variety resources in the inland saline-alkali region of the North China Plain is quite different, and the comprehensive evaluation index (D value) of salt tolerance based on the principal component analysis and the weighted membership function method is an effective index for evaluating the salt tolerance characteristics of maize in this region, and this research has guiding significance for realizing the matching of salt tolerant maize varieties and saline soil.