耕地质量禀赋、社会分工对农户化肥减量技术采纳行为的影响——基于鄂豫两省样本农户的实证

EFFECT OF LAND QUALITY ENDOWMENT AND SOCIAL DIVISION OF LABOR ON FARMERS' BEHAVIOR TO ADOPT FERTILIZER REDUCTION TECHNIQUES*——BASED ON THE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF A SAMPLE FARMER IN HUBEI AND HENAN PROVINCES

关键词:  耕地质量禀赋  化肥减量技术  横向分工  纵向分工  技术采纳

Key words:  land quality endowment  fertilizer reduction techniques  horizontal division of labor  vertical division of labor  technology adoption

摘要:

目的 促进农户采纳化肥减量技术是保障农产品安全、治理农业污染和推动农业绿色发展的重要举措，文章旨在探究耕地质量禀赋与社会分工对农户采纳化肥减量技术的影响及其内在逻辑。方法 基于湖北和河南两省700户农户的微观调研数据，利用Ordered Probit模型分析了耕地质量禀赋与社会分工对农户化肥减量技术采纳行为的影响。结果 （1）耕地质量禀赋对农户化肥减量技术采纳行为具有显著正向影响，耕地质量禀赋每增加一个单位，化肥减量技术采纳率将提高25%，土壤越肥沃，灌溉条件越便利，通机耕路的耕地，农户越会采纳化肥减量技术。（2）耕地质量禀赋越好，则农户更愿意参与横向分工，促进其采纳化肥减量技术，中介效应为0.062，且纵向分工能明显缓解质量禀赋较差耕地对农户化肥减量技术采纳的负向影响。（3）耕地质量禀赋对小农户采纳化肥减量技术具有显著正向影响，且社会分工增强了耕地质量禀赋对小农户化肥减量技术采纳行为的促进作用，而耕地质量禀赋对大农户化肥减量技术采纳行为没有显著影响。结论 因此，多渠道提升农户耕地条件，全方位推进农业社会分工，对不同规模农户采取差异化的激励和引导策略，均是推广化肥减量技术的有效途径。

Abstract:

Promoting farmers to adopt fertilizer reduction techniques is a major measure to ensure the safety of agricultural products, improve agricultural non-point source pollution and promote green development of agriculture, as well as the impact of land quality endowments and social division of labor on the behavioral decisions of farmers. This study applied the Ordered Probit model based on survey data from 700 households in Hubei and Henan provinces to explore the impact of land quality endowments and social division of labor on the adoption behavior of fertilizer reduction techniques by farmers. The results show that: (1) Land quality endowment has a significant positive effect on farmers' adoption behavior of fertilizer reduction techniques, and the adoption rate of fertilizer reduction technology will increase by 25% when land quality endowment increases by one unit. Specifically, the more fertile the soil, the more convenient the irrigation conditions and the easier the access to mechanized farming roads, the farmers more adopted fertilizer reduction techniques. (2) The land quality endowment indirectly promotes farmers' techniques adoption behavior by the horizontal division of labor, and the intermediary effect is 0.062, and the vertical division of labor plays a positive adjustment role between the poor land quality endowment of farmers and farmers' techniques adoption behavior. (3) Land quality endowment is positively promoting small-scale farmers' techniques adoption behavior, and social division of labor has an accelerative impact on small-scale farmers' techniques adoption behavior under land quality endowment. But land quality endowments have yet to have a major impact on large-scale farmers. Therefore, improving the condition of arable land for farmers through multiple channels and promoting the division of labor in agriculture in a comprehensive manner, as well as adopting differentiated incentives and guidance strategies for farmers of different sizes, can be effective ways to promote fertilizer reduction techniques.