中国畜牧业清洁生产政策变迁及其内在逻辑——基于865份政策文本的分析

THE CHANGE AND INTERNAL LOGIC OF CHINA'S CLEANER PRODUCTION POLICIES IN THE ANIMAL HUSBANDRY INDUSTRY——AN ANALYSIS BASED ON TEXTS OF 865 POLICIES

关键词:  畜牧业  清洁生产  政策变迁  内在逻辑  文本分析

Key words:  animal husbandry  clean production  policy changes  internal logic  text analysis

摘要:

目的 文章通过系统梳理中国畜牧业清洁生产政策的发展脉络、归纳畜牧业清洁生产政策的内容、重点以及不足，深度剖析畜牧业清洁生产政策的内在逻辑，以期完善中国畜牧业清洁生产政策体系、推进畜牧业清洁生产进程、实现畜牧业高质量发展。方法 基于“北大法宝”平台汇总的865篇畜牧业清洁生产政策，运用Rost Content Mining 6.0，该文梳理了中国畜牧业清洁生产政策的变迁过程及其内在逻辑。结果 在1996—2005年的政策萌芽期，政策描述笼统且不聚焦，多为方向性、概念性的表述；在2006—2014年的起步探索期，政策开始涉及到核心问题，为系统化政策体系建设奠定良好基础；在2015—2018年的蓬勃发展期，政策侧重于技术支撑和项目支撑，形成了主体明确、分工协作的制度环境；在2019—2021年的政策稳定期，管理政策与技术政策相融合，多元化落实方式的政策集中出台，以保障政策实施效果。结论 纵观中国畜牧业清洁生产政策变迁过程发现，中国畜牧业清洁生产政策逐步由国家主导转为国家引导，地域差异特征明显，政策细致化程度不断提升，政策落实方式日益多样化。

Abstract:

This paper systematically sorts out the development context of China's cleaner production policies in the animal husbandry industry, summarizes the content, focus, and shortcomings of the policies, and extensively analyzes the internal logic of cleaner production policy in animal husbandry to improve China's cleaner production policy system in terms of animal husbandry, promote the process of animal husbandry cleaner production, and achieve high-quality development of animal husbandry. Based on 865 articles on cleaner production policies of animal husbandry collected by the "Magic Weapon of Peking University" platform, this paper summarized the changing process and internal logic of cleaner production policies in China by using Rost Content Mining 6.0. From 1996 to 2005 was considered the embryonic period, the policy descriptions were general and unfocused, most of which were directional and conceptual statements. During the exploration period from 2006 to 2014, the policy began to involve core issues, laying a good foundation for constructing a systematic policy system. In the booming period from 2015 to 2018, the policy focused on technical and project support, forming an institutional environment with a clear subject and division of labor and cooperation. In the stabilizing period from 2019 to 2021, management policies and technical policies were integrated, and policies with diversified implementation methods were centralized to ensure the effectiveness of policy implementation. Therefore, looking at the changes in China's cleaner production policy in animal husbandry, it is found that China's cleaner production policy in animal husbandry has gradually changed from state-led to state-guided, with apparent characteristics of regional differences, increasing degree of policy refinement and increasingly diversified measures for policy implementation.